ArticleJournal of cachexia, sarcopenia and muscle2022
Atractylenolide I ameliorates cancer cachexia through inhibiting biogenesis of IL-6 and tumour-derived extracellular vesicles.
Article in Journal of cachexia, sarcopenia and muscle, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
36 citing papers in PubMed, 55 citations in OpenAlex.
- Geographic transplantation promotes the growth ofiScience · 2026Article
- Tumor-muscle communication in cancer-associated cachexia (Review).Oncology letters · 2026Review
- Extracellular vesicles: Revolutionizing targeted therapy for ischemic stroke.Acta pharmaceutica Sinica. B · 2026Review
- Nanomedicine novel strategies: deciphering the EV-metabolic axis as a natural nanocarrier network in lung cancer progression and cachexia.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2026Review
- Herbal Textual Research, Phytochemistry, Pharmacology and Toxicity of Atractylodis Rhizoma: A Comprehensive Review.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Therapeutic Potential of Polydatin Against Cancer Cachexia by Regulating the STAT3 Signaling Pathway.Nutrients · 2026Article
- Puerarin-loaded injectable hydrogel mitigates skeletal muscle wasting in colorectal cancer cachexia by targeting inflammatory signaling and improving protein homeostasis.Materials today. Bio · 2026Article
- Remodeling the Tumor Microenvironment: Mechanistic Insights and Translational Frontiers of TCM-Derived Bioactive Monomers.Cancer management and research · 2026Review
- Extracellular vesicles in cancer-associated cachexia: molecular mechanisms and therapeutic perspectives.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2026Review
- Systematic Exploration of Molecular Mechanisms and Natural Herbal Therapeutic Strategies for Cancer Cachexia.Cancers · 2025Review
- Race-based differences in serum biomarkers for cancer-associated cachexia in a diverse cohort of patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.Communications medicine · 2025Article
- Bidirectional causal association and shared anti-inflammatory target of asthma and atopic dermatitis: a Mendelian randomization and colocalisation study.BMC pulmonary medicine · 2025Article
- Pancreatic Cancer-Derived Extracellular Vesicles Enriched with miR-223-5p Promote Skeletal Muscle Wasting Associated with Cachexia.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- Article
- Atractylenolide I inhibits the growth, proliferation and migration of B16 melanoma cells via the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway.Oncology letters · 2025Article
- Screening of pivotal oncogenes modulated by DNA methylation in hepatocellular carcinoma and identification of atractylenolide I as an anti-cancer drug.Human cell · 2025Article
- Atractylenolide I ameliorated the growth and enzalutamide resistance of castration-resistant prostate cancer by targeting KIF15.Chinese medicine · 2025Article
- Atractylenolide-I prevents abdominal aortic aneurysm formation through inhibiting inflammation.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Advancing the Understanding and Treatment of Cancer Cachexia: Mechanisms, Therapeutic Approaches, and Future Opportunities.Cancer management and research · 2025Review
- Prediction of NR3C1 as a methylation marker for the prevention and treatment of gastric cancer in Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae based on machine learning algorithm and bioinformatics analysis.Frontiers in genetics · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundAtractylenolide I (AI) is a natural sesquiterpene lactone isolated from Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz, known as Baizhu in traditional Chinese medicine. AI has been found to ameliorate cancer cachexia in clinic cancer patients and in tumour-bearing mice. Here, we checked the influence of AI on biogenesis of IL-6 and extracellular vesicles (EVs) in cancer cachexia mice and then focused on studying mechanisms of AI in inhibiting the production of tumour-derived EVs, which contribute to the ameliorating effects of AI on cancer cachexia.
methodsC26 tumour-bearing BALB/c mice were applied as animal model to examine the effects of AI (25 mg/kg) in attenuating cachexia symptoms, serum IL-6 and EVs levels. IL-6 and EVs secretion of C26 tumour cells treated with AI (0.31-5 μM) was further observed in vitro. The in vitro cultured C2C12 myotubes and 3T3-L1 mature adipocytes were used to check the potency of conditioned medium of C26 cells treated with AI (0.625-5 μM) in inducing muscle atrophy and lipolysis. The glycolysis potency of C26 cells under AI (0.31-5 μM) treatment was evaluated by measuring the extracellular acidification rate using Seahorse XFe96 Analyser. Levels of related signal proteins in both in vitro and in vivo experiments were examined using western blotting to study the possible mechanisms. STAT3 overexpression or knockout C26 cells were also used to confirm the effects of AI (5 μM).
resultsAI ameliorated cancer cachexia symptoms (P < 0.05), improved grip strength (P < 0.05) and decreased serum EVs (P < 0.05) and IL-6 (P < 0.05) levels of C26 tumour-bearing mice. AI directly inhibited EVs biogenesis (P < 0.001) and IL-6 secretion (P < 0.01) of cultured C26 cells. The potency of C26 medium in inducing C2C12 myotube atrophy (+59.54%, P < 0.001) and 3T3-L1 adipocyte lipolysis (+20.73%, P < 0.05) was significantly attenuated when C26 cells were treated with AI. AI treatment inhibited aerobic glycolysis and the pathway of STAT3/PKM2/SNAP23 in C26 cells. Furthermore, overexpression of STAT3 partly antagonized the effects of AI in suppressing STAT3/PKM2/SNAP23 pathway, EVs secretion, glycolysis and the potency of C26 medium in inducing muscle atrophy and lipolysis, whereas knockout of STAT3 enhanced the inhibitory effect of AI on these values. The inhibition of AI on STAT3/PKM2/SNAP23 pathway was also observed in C26 tumour tissues.
conclusionsAI ameliorates cancer cachexia by decreasing the production of IL-6 and EVs of tumour cells. The decreasing effects of AI on EVs biogenesis are based on its inhibition on STAT3/PKM2/SNAP23 pathway.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.