ArticleCell discovery2022
Surface translocation of ACE2 and TMPRSS2 upon TLR4/7/8 activation is required for SARS-CoV-2 infection in circulating monocytes.
Article in Cell discovery, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 25 citations in OpenAlex.
- TMPRSS2-induced Golgi disruption restricts the incorporation of virus envelope glycoproteins into virions.EMBO reports · 2026Article
- Inhibition of Exo70, an Exocyst Complex Component, Enhances mRNA Delivery Efficiency of Lipid Nanoparticle.Pharmaceutics · 2026Article
- Unveiling alternate pathways for SARS-CoV-2 infection via extracellular vesicle-mediated transfer of ACE2 and TMPRSS2.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Pilot longitudinal integrated transcriptomic-metabolomic study reveals immune and metabolic signatures in non-hospitalized healthcare workers with long COVID.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Article
- A model including CD15, ACE2 and age efficiently predicts COVID-19 severity.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Investigating alveolar macrophages in an human ex vivo precision-cut lung slice model of SARS-CoV-2 infection using Raman spectroscopy-A case study.Clinical and translational medicine · 2025Article
- Deep insight into cytokine storm: from pathogenesis to treatment.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2025Review
- The Functions of SARS-CoV-2 Receptors in Diabetes-Related Severe COVID-19.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Precision Detection of Fungal Co-Infections for Enhanced COVID-19 Treatment Strategies Using FESEM Imaging.Indian journal of microbiology · 2024Article
- Review
- SARS-CoV-2 viral persistence in lung alveolar macrophages is controlled by IFN-γ and NK cells.Nature immunology · 2023Article
- Human PBMCs Form Lipid Droplets in Response to Spike Proteins.Microorganisms · 2023Article
- In vivo inhibition of nuclear ACE2 translocation protects against SARS-CoV-2 replication and lung damage through epigenetic imprinting.Nature communications · 2023Article
- COVID-19 associated mold infections: Review of COVID-19 associated pulmonary aspergillosis and mucormycosis.Journal of microbiology, immunology, and infection = Wei mian yu gan ran za zhi · 2023Review
- Effects of Different Types of Recombinant SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein on Circulating Monocytes' Structure.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- From Co-Infections to Autoimmune Disease via Hyperactivated Innate Immunity: COVID-19 Autoimmune Coagulopathies, Autoimmune Myocarditis and Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Hypoxia-altered cholesterol homeostasis enhances the expression of interferon-stimulated genes upon SARS-CoV-2 infections in monocytes.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Extensive blood transcriptome analysis reveals cellular signaling networks activated by circulating glycocalyx components reflecting vascular injury in COVID-19.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
19 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Infection of human peripheral blood cells by SARS-CoV-2 has been debated because immune cells lack mRNA expression of both angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and transmembrane serine protease type 2 (TMPRSS2). Herein we demonstrate that resting primary monocytes harbor abundant cytoplasmic ACE2 and TMPRSS2 protein and that circulating exosomes contain significant ACE2 protein. Upon ex vivo TLR4/7/8 stimulation, cytoplasmic ACE2 was quickly translocated to the monocyte cell surface independently of ACE2 transcription, while TMPRSS2 surface translocation occurred in conjunction with elevated mRNA expression. The rapid translocation of ACE2 to the monocyte cell surface was blocked by the endosomal trafficking inhibitor endosidin 2, suggesting that endosomal ACE2 could be derived from circulating ACE2-containing exosomes. TLR-stimulated monocytes concurrently expressing ACE2 and TMPRSS2 on the cell surface were efficiently infected by SARS-CoV-2, which was significantly mitigated by remdesivir, TMPRSS2 inhibitor camostat, and anti-ACE2 antibody. Mass cytometry showed that ACE2 surface translocation in peripheral myeloid cells from patients with severe COVID-19 correlated with its hyperactivation and PD-L1 expression. Collectively, TLR4/7/8-induced ACE2 translocation with TMPRSS2 expression makes circulating monocytes permissive to SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.