Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36084314›Full record

ReviewVector borne and zoonotic diseases (Larchmont, N.Y.)2022

Drivers of African Filovirus (Ebola and Marburg) Outbreaks.

Patrick R Stephens, Mekala Sundaram, Susana Ferreira, Nicole Gottdenker, Kaniz Fatema Nipa, Annakate M Schatz, John Paul Schmidt, John M Drake

Open access · greenAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Vector borne and zoonotic diseases (Larchmont, N.Y.), 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
13citing papers in PubMed
1.9field-weighted citation impact, top 12% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

13 citing papers in PubMed, 20 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
  2. Spatial risks of Orthoebolavirus spillover vary based on outbreak type.International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases · 2025
    Article
  3. Article
  4. Promising Vaccine Formulations for Emerging Infectious Diseases.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025
    Review
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Review
  13. Characteristics of the 100 largest modern zoonotic disease outbreaks.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2021
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Patrick R StephensDepartment of Integrative Biology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-1995-5715
Mekala SundaramDepartment of Integrative Biology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma, USA.
Susana FerreiraCenter for the Ecology of Infectious Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA.
Nicole GottdenkerCenter for the Ecology of Infectious Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA.
Kaniz Fatema NipaCenter for the Ecology of Infectious Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA.
Annakate M SchatzCenter for the Ecology of Infectious Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA.
John Paul SchmidtCenter for the Ecology of Infectious Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA.
John M DrakeCenter for the Ecology of Infectious Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA.
University of Georgia · USOklahoma State University · US

Funding

Spillover of Ebola and other filoviruses at ecological boundariesR01AI156866 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA · PI STEPHENS, PATRICK · 2020 to 2024
$2.2M
NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI156866
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Outbreaks of African filoviruses often have high mortality, including more than 11,000 deaths among 28,562 cases during the West Africa Ebola outbreak of 2014-2016. Numerous studies have investigated the factors that contributed to individual filovirus outbreaks, but there has been little quantitative synthesis of this work. In addition, the ways in which the typical causes of filovirus outbreaks differ from other zoonoses remain poorly described. In this study, we quantify factors associated with 45 outbreaks of African filoviruses (ebolaviruses and Marburg virus) using a rubric of 48 candidate causal drivers. For filovirus outbreaks, we reviewed >700 peer-reviewed and gray literature sources and developed a list of the factors reported to contribute to each outbreak (

Indexed as

EbolavirusHemorrhagic Fever, EbolaMarburgvirusMarburg Virus DiseaseAnimalsDisease OutbreaksHumansdisease outbreakEbolavirusfilovirusMarburg virusoutbreak driverszoonotic disease

Identifiers

PMID36084314
PMCPMC9508452
OpenAlexW4295048882

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.