ArticleNeurosurgery2022
Interictal Connectivity Revealed by Granger Analysis of Stereoelectroencephalography: Association With Ictal Onset Zone, Resection, and Outcome.
Article in Neurosurgery, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 7 citations in OpenAlex.
- Seizure outcomes and complications associated with stereoelectroencephalography versus subdural electrodes for invasive monitoring in epilepsy surgery: a meta-analysis.Frontiers in neurology · 2025Pooled it
- EEG CONNECT: A proposed reporting checklist for EEG-based connectivity studies in clinical epilepsy research.Epilepsia open · 2026Review
- Utility of Interictal Data in Guiding Pediatric Epilepsy Surgery.Pediatric neurosurgery · 2026Review
- Spatial and spectral structure of local functional connectivity of the background intracranial EEG in patients with focal epilepsy.Frontiers in network physiology · 2025Article
- Spike propagation mapping reveals effective connectivity and predicts surgical outcome in epilepsy.Brain : a journal of neurology · 2023Article
- Physiological and pathological neuronal connectivity in the living human brain based on intracranial EEG signals: the current state of research.Frontiers in network physiology · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundStereoelectroencephalography (sEEG) facilitates electrical sampling and evaluation of complex deep-seated, dispersed, and multifocal locations. Granger causality (GC), previously used to study seizure networks using interictal data from subdural grids, may help identify the seizure-onset zone from interictal sEEG recordings.
objectiveTo examine whether statistical analysis of interictal sEEG helps identify surgical target sites and whether surgical resection of highly ranked nodes correspond to favorable outcomes.
methodsTen minutes of extraoperative recordings from sequential patients who underwent sEEG evaluation were analyzed (n = 20). GC maps were compared with clinically defined surgical targets using rank order statistics. Outcomes of patients with focal resection/ablation with median follow-up of 3.6 years were classified as favorable (Engel 1, 2) or poor (Engel 3, 4) to assess their relationship with the removal of highly ranked nodes using the Wilcoxon rank-sum test.
resultsIn 12 of 20 cases, the rankings of contacts (based on the sum of outward connection weights) mapped to the seizure-onset zone showed higher causal node connectivity than predicted by chance ( P ≤ .02). A very low aggregate probability ( P < 10 -18 , n = 20) suggests that causal node connectivity predicts seizure networks. In 8 of 16 with outcome data, causal connectivity in the resection was significantly greater than in the remaining contacts ( P ≤ .05). We found a significant association between favorable outcome and the presence of highly ranked nodes in the resection ( P < .05).
conclusionGranger analysis can identify seizure foci from interictal sEEG and correlates highly ranked nodes with favorable outcome, potentially informing surgical decision-making without reliance on ictal recordings.
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Registered trials
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