ArticleFrontiers in psychiatry2022
Cognitive deficits for facial emotions among male adolescent delinquents with conduct disorder.
Article in Frontiers in psychiatry, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed, 3 citations in OpenAlex.
- Beyond hostility: exploring facial emotion recognition biases in youths with conduct disorder.European child & adolescent psychiatry · 2026Article
- Mindfulness training enhances face working memory: evidence from the drift-diffusion model.NPJ science of learning · 2025Article
- Deficits in emotional cognition among individuals with conduct disorder: theoretical perspectives.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2024Review
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
According to the social-cognitive theory and the social-information-processing theory, individuals with conduct disorder, a persistent and repetitive pattern of problematic behavior, might have cognitive biases toward hostile facial expressions. However, according to the optimal stimulation/arousal theory, the stimulation-seeking theory and the fearlessness theory, individuals with conduct disorder might have less fear and show less response to hostile or threatening facial expressions. To reconcile the discrepancy, we examined the cognitive biases including attentional processing and working memory processing to emotional faces among adolescents with conduct disorder. 35 male adolescent delinquents with conduct disorder and 35 age-matched delinquents without conduct disorder completed a visual search task and a delayed-match-to-sample task to examine their attentional processing and working memory processing for sad, angry, happy, and fearful faces, respectively. It was found that conduct disordered individuals searched angry and fearful faces, rather than sad and happy faces, more slowly than individuals without conduct disorder. However, no difference in mnemonic processing for facial emotions was found between groups. The results indicated that male adolescent delinquents with conduct disorder showed deficits in attentional orientation to hostile and threatening faces, supporting the optimal stimulation/arousal theory, the stimulation-seeking theory and the fearlessness theory, but not the social-cognitive theory.
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