ArticleMolecules (Basel, Switzerland)2022
Fabrication and Evaluation of Gellan Gum/Hyaluronic Acid Hydrogel for Retinal Tissue Engineering Biomaterial and the Influence of Substrate Stress Relaxation on Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells.
Article in Molecules (Basel, Switzerland), 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 24 citations in OpenAlex.
- Adhesive bioactive materials in ocular applications: Toward smart, regenerative, and minimally invasive therapies.Bioactive materials · 2026Review
- Biopolymeric Composite Films of Hyaluronic Acid and Gellan Gum for Localized and Sustained Azithromycin Delivery in Periodontal Therapy.AAPS PharmSciTech · 2025Article
- Intraocular injectable hydrogels for the delivery of cells and nanoparticles.Materials today. Bio · 2025Review
- Transplantation of human embryonic stem cell-derived retinal pigment epithelial cells via injectable microfluidic-templated microgels for retinal regeneration.Materials today. Bio · 2025Article
- Advances in the Study of Age-Related Macular Degeneration Based on Cell or Cell-Biomaterial Scaffolds.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Frontier applications of retinal nanomedicine: progress, challenges and perspectives.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2025Review
- Three-Dimensional Bioprinting for Retinal Tissue Engineering.Biomimetics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Amphotericin B Ocular Films for Fungal Keratitis and a Novel 3D-Printed Microfluidic Ocular Lens Infection Model.Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Exploring gellan gum-based hydrogels for regenerating human embryonic stem cells in age-related macular degeneration therapy: A literature review.Regenerative therapy · 2024Review
- Smart molecules in ophthalmology: Hydrogels as responsive systems for ophthalmic applications.Smart molecules : open access · 2024Review
- Cobalt/Bioglass Nanoparticles Enhanced Dermal Regeneration in a 3-Layered Electrospun Scaffold.Advanced pharmaceutical bulletin · 2024Article
- Hydrogel-Based Therapy for Age-Related Macular Degeneration: Current Innovations, Impediments, and Future Perspectives.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Hydrogels in Ophthalmology: Novel Strategies for Overcoming Therapeutic Challenges.Materials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Biomaterials used for tissue engineering of barrier-forming cell monolayers in the eye.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2023Review
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Cell therapies for age-related macular degeneration (AMD) treatment have been developed by integrating hydrogel-based biomaterials. Until now, cell activity has been observed only in terms of the modulus of the hydrogel. In addition, cell behavior has only been observed in the 2D environment of the hydrogel and the 3D matrix. As time-dependent stress relaxation is considered a significant mechanical cue for the control of cellular activities, it is important to optimize hydrogels for retinal tissue engineering (TE) by applying this viewpoint. Herein, a gellan Gum (GG)/Hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogel was fabricated using a facile physical crosslinking method. The physicochemical and mechanical properties were controlled by forming a different composition of GG and HA. The characterization was performed by conducting a mass swelling study, a sol fraction study, a weight loss test, a viscosity test, an injection force study, a compression test, and a stress relaxation analysis. The biological activity of the cells encapsulated in 3D constructs was evaluated by conducting a morphological study, a proliferation test, a live/dead analysis, histology, immunofluorescence staining, and a gene expression study to determine the most appropriate material for retinal TE biomaterial. Hydrogels with moderate amounts of HA showed improved physicochemical and mechanical properties suitable for injection into the retina. Moreover, the time-dependent stress relaxation property of the GG/HA hydrogel was enhanced when the appropriate amount of HA was loaded. In addition, the cellular compatibility of the GG/HA hydrogel in in vitro experiments was significantly improved in the fast-relaxing hydrogel. Overall, these results demonstrate the remarkable potential of GG/HA hydrogel as an injectable hydrogel for retinal TE and the importance of the stress relaxation property when designing retinal TE hydrogels. Therefore, we believe that GG/HA hydrogel is a prospective candidate for retinal TE biomaterial.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.