Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36079805›Full record

ArticleNutrients2022

The Intake of Ultra-Processed Foods and Prevalence of Chronic Kidney Disease: The Health Examinees Study.

Anthony Kityo, Sang-Ah Lee

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Nutrients, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
16citing papers in PubMed, 5 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

16 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Pooled it
  4. Pooled it
  5. Pooled it
  6. Review
  7. Lifestyle and Environment Aspects Challenging Kidney Health.Kidney & blood pressure research · 2026
    Review
  8. Article
  9. Review
  10. Review
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Anthony KityoDepartment of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Kangwon National University, 1 Gangwondeahakgil, Chuncheon-si 24341, Korea.ORCID 0000-0001-9212-1413
Sang-Ah LeeDepartment of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Kangwon National University, 1 Gangwondeahakgil, Chuncheon-si 24341, Korea.ORCID 0000-0002-5079-9733

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Emerging evidence links several health outcomes to the consumption of ultra-processed food (UPF), but few studies have investigated the association between UPF intake and kidney function. This cross-sectional study investigated the prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in relation to UPF intake in Korea. Data were obtained from the 2004−2013 Health Examinees (HEXA) study. The intake of UPF was assessed using a 106-item food frequency questionnaire and evaluated using the NOVA classification. The prevalence of CKD was defined as an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) of <60 mL/min/m2. Poisson regression models were used to compute the prevalence ratios (PR) of CKD according to quartiles of the proportion of UPF intake (% food weight). A total of 134,544 (66.4% women) with a mean age of 52.0 years and an eGFR of 92.7 mL/min/m2 were analysed. The median proportion of UPF in the diet was 5.6%. After adjusting for potential confounders, the highest quartile of UPF intake was associated with the highest prevalence of CKD (PR 1.16, 95% CI 1.07−1.25), and every IQR (6.6%) increase in the proportion of UPF in the diet was associated with a 6% higher prevalence of CKD (PR 1.06, 95% CI 1.03−1.09). Furthermore, the highest consumption of UPF was inversely associated with eGFR (Q4 vs. Q1: β −1.07, 95% CI −1.35, −0.79; per IQR increment: (β −0.45, 95% CI −0.58, −0.32). The intake of UPF was associated with a high prevalence of CKD and a reduced eGFR. Longitudinal studies in the Korean population are needed to corroborate existing findings in other populations.

Indexed as

Fast FoodsRenal Insufficiency, ChronicCross-Sectional StudiesDietFemaleFood HandlingHumansMaleMiddle AgedPrevalenceFFQglomerular filtration ratekidney functionultra-processed food

Identifiers

PMID36079805
PMCPMC9460585

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.