ArticleMaterials (Basel, Switzerland)2022
3D Printing of Cellulase-Laden Cellulose Nanofiber/Chitosan Hydrogel Composites: Towards Tissue Engineering Functional Biomaterials with Enzyme-Mediated Biodegradation.
Article in Materials (Basel, Switzerland), 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed.
- Bioinspired 3D Printing of Lignocellulose-Based Multimaterial Composites for Extracellular Matrix-Mimicking Architectures.Biomimetics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Short Eggshell Membrane Nanofibers-Chitosan Hydrogel with Dual-Functional Hemostasis and Shape Memory for Non-Compressible Wounds.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Electrospun CHIR99021-loaded cellulose acetate scaffolds stimulate osteogenic differentiation and mineralization in vitro.Journal of materials science. Materials in medicine · 2026Article
- Bioprinting Organs-Science or Fiction?-A Review From Students to Students.Advanced healthcare materials · 2026Review
- Smart hybrid nanomaterials for chronic infections: microbiome-responsive and sustainable therapeutic platforms.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2025Review
- Biopolymer Fibers of High Strength and Enhanced Orientation by the Synergy of High/Low Molecular Weight Chitosans in Hybrid Biomaterials Processed by Gel Spinning.Journal of functional biomaterials · 2025Article
- Electrically conductive biopolymer-based hydrogels and fibrous materials fabricated using 3D printing and electrospinning for cardiac tissue engineering.Bioactive materials · 2025Review
- Effects of Calcium Chloride Crosslinking Solution Concentration on the Long-Term Cell Viability of 16HBE14o- Human Bronchial Cells Embedded in Alginate-Based Hydrogels.Biomimetics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- 3D-Printed Acrylated Soybean Oil Scaffolds with Vitrimeric Properties Reinforced by Tellurium-Doped Bioactive Glass.Polymers · 2024Article
- Three-Dimensional Printing Strategies for Enhanced Hydrogel Applications.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Wet-Spun Chitosan-Sodium Caseinate Fibers for Biomedicine: From Spinning Process to Physical Properties.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Insight into the Latest Medical Applications of Nanocellulose.Materials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Nanomaterial-Based Scaffolds for Tissue Engineering Applications: A Review on Graphene, Carbon Nanotubes and Nanocellulose.Tissue engineering and regenerative medicine · 2023Review
- Review
- Scaffold Using Chitosan, Agarose, Cellulose, Dextran and Protein for Tissue Engineering-A Review.Polymers · 2023Review
- Synthesis by Melt-Polymerization of a Novel Series of Bio-Based and Biodegradable Thiophene-Containing Copolyesters with Promising Gas Barrier and High Thermomechanical Properties.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- 3D Printing in Regenerative Medicine: Technologies and Resources Utilized.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Article
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9 authors.
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Abstract
The 3D printing of a multifunctional hydrogel biomaterial with bioactivity for tissue engineering, good mechanical properties and a biodegradability mediated by free and encapsulated cellulase was proposed. Bioinks of cellulase-laden and cellulose nanofiber filled chitosan viscous suspensions were used to 3D print enzymatic biodegradable and biocompatible cellulose nanofiber (CNF) reinforced chitosan (CHI) hydrogels. The study of the kinetics of CNF enzymatic degradation was studied in situ in fibroblast cell culture. To preserve enzyme stability as well as to guarantee its sustained release, the cellulase was preliminarily encapsulated in chitosan-caseinate nanoparticles, which were further incorporated in the CNF/CHI viscous suspension before the 3D printing of the ink. The incorporation of the enzyme within the CHI/CNF hydrogel contributed to control the decrease of the CNF mechanical reinforcement in the long term while keeping the cell growth-promoting property of chitosan. The hydrolysis kinetics of cellulose in the 3D printed scaffolds showed a slow but sustained degradation of the CNFs with enzyme, with approximately 65% and 55% relative activities still obtained after 14 days of incubation for the encapsulated and free enzyme, respectively. The 3D printed composite hydrogels showed excellent cytocompatibility supporting fibroblast cell attachment, proliferation and growth. Ultimately, the concomitant cell growth and biodegradation of CNFs within the 3D printed CHI/CNF scaffolds highlights the remarkable potential of CHI/CNF composites in the design of tissue models for the development of 3D constructs with tailored in vitro/in vivo degradability for biomedical applications.
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