ArticleJournal of clinical medicine2022
Immunohistochemical Expression of CD44, MMP-2, MMP-9, and Ki-67 as the Prognostic Markers in Non-Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinomas-A Prospective Cohort Study.
Article in Journal of clinical medicine, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 19 citations in OpenAlex.
- Deep learning model based on CT images to predict Ki-67 expression in renal carcinoma.Oncology letters · 2026Article
- Increased CD44 Expression in Endothelial Cells Induced by Advanced Glycation End Products Leads to Insufficient Maturation of Angiogenesis.Journal of cellular and molecular medicine · 2026Article
- CD44 as a Central Integrator of Inflammation and Fibrosis: From Molecular Signaling to Environmental Modulation.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Enhancing the therapeutic efficacy of gemcitabine in bladder cancer through TGF-β1 inhibition and pluronic F-127-based microsphere delivery.Journal of biological engineering · 2025Article
- Relationship between immunohistochemical markers and clinical pathological variables in clear cell renal cell carcinoma.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Article
- CD44 and its implication in neoplastic diseases.MedComm · 2024Review
- Article
- Two Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms in the Von Hippel-Lindau Tumor Suppressor Gene in Patients with Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
CD44 is the most frequently reported marker of the cancer stem cells in renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Matrix metalloproteinases MMP-2 and MMP-9 are key regulators of tumor invasion and metastasis. The aim of this study was to investigate the clinicopathologic and prognostic values of the immunohistochemical expression of CD44, MMP2, MMP9, and Ki-67 in papillary and chromophobe RCCs. In the case of papillary RCC, MMP-2 expression was positively correlated with patient age (p < 0.05), while CD44 expression was positively correlated with tumor stage (τ = 0.26, p < 0.05). Moreover, CD44 expression positively correlated with MMP-9 (τ = 0.39, p < 0.05). In the case of chromophobe RCC, only Ki-67 expression was negatively correlated with tumor stage (τ = −0.44, p < 0.05). During follow-up, a death was documented in 6 patients with papillary RCC. In these patients, CD44 expression was not a significant factor affecting the overall survival of patients (p > 0.05), whereas there was a positive correlation between increased MMP-9 expression and shorter overall survival (p < 0.05). Taken together, carcinogenesis in papillary RCC is probably dependent on both cancer stem cells and metalloproteinases activity. Expression of CD44 and MMP-9 can significantly improve the prediction of papillary RCC prognosis in the future.
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Registered trials
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