ArticleInternational journal of environmental research and public health2022
Rehabilitation Outcomes among Frail Older Adults in the United States.
Article in International journal of environmental research and public health, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed.
- Feasibility and acceptability of remote ischemic conditioning combined with low-intensity resistance training in older adults with mobility impairments: A randomized controlled pilot trial protocol.Experimental gerontology · 2026Article
- The association of frailty with health care costs using the FRAIL scale.Aging clinical and experimental research · 2026Article
- Trends in Rehabilitation Insurance Benefit Exhaustion Among Older Adults in the United States and Associations With Racial Identity.Physical therapy · 2026Article
- Moving4notfrailNursing reports (Pavia, Italy) · 2025Article
- Rates and predictors of opioid deprescribing after fracture: A retrospective study of Medicare fee-for-service claims.Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundCurrent rehabilitation care paradigms are not well aligned with the needs of frail older adults, but the resultant impact on rehabilitation outcomes is unclear. Understanding how frailty may impact rehabilitation outcomes, and understanding some of the underlying mechanisms, may help inform payment policy changes.
designThis study was a cross-sectional analysis of data from Round 5 of the National Health and Aging and Trends Study (NHATS). We identified older adults who had completed one or more episodes of rehabilitation care and used a validated 5-item NHATS Fried Frailty scale to categorize patients as frail (3/5 or more) or non-frail (≤2/5). We then evaluated the association between frailty status and three key patient outcomes: (1) achievement of rehabilitation goals, (2) functional improvement during rehabilitation episodes, and (3) discontinuation of therapy after exhausting insurance benefits. Lastly, we used multivariable, survey-weighted logistic regression models to estimate adjusted relationships between frailty and rehabilitation outcomes.
resultsAn estimated 5.6 million survey-weighted older adults in the United States (95% CI 5.1 to 6.0 million) completed an episode of rehabilitation in the past year, an estimated 1,271,290 (95% CI 921,758 to 1,620,822; weighted: 22.8%) of whom were frail. Frail rehabilitation recipients were generally older, had a greater comorbidity burden, and had a higher prevalence of dementia. In adjusted models, frailty was associated with poorer functional outcomes, a lower probability of meeting rehabilitation goals and a greater likelihood of exhausting rehabilitation insurance benefits.
conclusionsExercise is a well-supported intervention for the management of frailty, but our results suggest that frail older adults are not getting the volume or intensity of rehabilitation treatment needed to maximally improve outcomes-in part due to limited payer coverage of rehabilitation services in the United States.
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