A Multilevel Analysis of the Associated and Determining Factors of TB among Adults in South Africa: Results from National Income Dynamics Surveys 2008 to 2017.

Hilda Dhlakama, Siaka Lougue, Henry Godwell Mwambi, Ropo Ebenezer Ogunsakin

Open access · goldAbstract read

In one paragraph

Article in International journal of environmental research and public health, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it

0cells of the map it votes in

1citing papers in PubMed

0.3field-weighted citation impact, top 26% of its field

1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed, 2 citations in OpenAlex.

Strong effect of demographic changes on Tuberculosis susceptibility in South Africa.PLOS global public health · 2024
Article

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Hilda DhlakamaDepartment of Statistics, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg 2028, South Africa.ORCID 0000-0001-5854-4738

Siaka LougueSchool of Mathematics, Statistics and Computer Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4041, South Africa.

Henry Godwell MwambiSchool of Mathematics, Statistics and Computer Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4041, South Africa.

Ropo Ebenezer OgunsakinDiscipline of Public Health Medicine, School of Nursing and Public Health, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4041, South Africa.

University of KwaZulu-Natal · ZAUniversity of Johannesburg · ZA

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

TB is preventable and treatable but remains the leading cause of death in South Africa. The deaths due to TB have declined, but in 2017, around 322,000 new cases were reported in the country. The need to eradicate the disease through research is increasing. This study used population-based National Income Dynamics Survey data (Wave 1 to Wave 5) from 2008 to 2017. By determining the simultaneous multilevel and individual-level predictors of TB, this research examined the factors associated with TB-diagnosed individuals and to what extent the factors vary across such individuals belonging to the same province in South Africa for the five waves. Multilevel logistic regression models were fitted using frequentist and Bayesian techniques, and the results were presented as odds ratios with statistical significance set at

Indexed as

IncomeAdultBayes TheoremHumansMaleMultilevel AnalysisSouth AfricaSurveys and QuestionnairesBayesian analysisgeneralized linear mixed-effects modelsmultilevel modelsNational Income dynamics surveySouth AfricaTB

Identifiers

PMID36078327

DOI10.3390/ijerph191710611

PMCPMC9518336

OpenAlexW4293103678

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata

LicenceCC BY

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.