ArticleCancers2022
The Tumor Immune Microenvironment in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma: Neither Hot nor Cold.
Article in Cancers, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 24 citations in OpenAlex.
- Multiomics and Genomic Alteration Characterization Identifies VDAC1 as a Mitochondrial-Associated Biomarker in Pancreatic Cancer.Human mutation · 2026Article
- Radiotherapy as a partner for immunotherapy in pancreatic cancer: current landscape and future directions.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Review
- The Role of Tumor-Intrinsic HuR in Modeling the Pancreatic Tumor Microenvironment: Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Opportunities.Molecular and cellular biology · 2025Review
- From cold to hot: mechanisms of hyperthermia in modulating tumor immunology for enhanced immunotherapy.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Blocking IL1RAP on cancer-associated fibroblasts in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma suppresses IL-1-induced neutrophil recruitment.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2024Article
- Epigenetic regulation of the tumor microenvironment: A leading force driving pancreatic cancer.Pancreatology : official journal of the International Association of Pancreatology (IAP) ... [et al.] · 2024Review
- The systematic role of pancreatic cancer exosomes: distant communication, liquid biopsy and future therapy.Cancer cell international · 2024Review
- Spatiotemporal Controllable Sono-Nanovaccines Driven by Free-Field Based Whole-Body Ultrasound for Personalized Cancer Therapy.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2024Article
- An anoikis-related gene signature predicts prognosis in patients with acute myeloid leukemia and immunotherapy.American journal of cancer research · 2024Review
- Innate and adaptive immune-directed tumour microenvironment in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- At the Crossroads of the cGAS-cGAMP-STING Pathway and the DNA Damage Response: Implications for Cancer Progression and Treatment.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Galectin-1 in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma: Bridging Tumor Biology, Immune Evasion, and Therapeutic Opportunities.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Genome, Metabolism, or Immunity: Which Is the Primary Decider of Pancreatic Cancer Fate through Non-Apoptotic Cell Death?Biomedicines · 2023Review
- Suppression of the antitumoral activity of natural killer cells under indirect coculture with cancer-associated fibroblasts in a pancreatic TIME-on-chip model.Cancer cell international · 2023Article
- Review
- Article
- The immunomodulatory role of IDO1-Kynurenine-NADFrontiers in oncology · 2023Review
- Unlocking antitumor immunity with adenosine receptor blockers.Cancer drug resistance (Alhambra, Calif.) · 2023Review
- Systematic analysis of expression profiles and prognostic significance of the FGF gene family in pancreatic adenocarcinoma.Oncology letters · 2022Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is the most common pancreatic tumor and is associated with poor prognosis and treatment response. The tumor microenvironment (TME) is recognized as an important factor in metastatic progression across cancers. Despite extensive study of the TME in PDAC, the cellular and molecular signaling networks remain poorly understood, largely due to the tremendous heterogeneity across tumors. While earlier work characterized PDAC as an immunologically privileged tumor poorly recognized by the immune system, recent studies revealed the important and nuanced roles of immune cells in the pathogenesis of PDAC. Distinct lymphoid, myeloid, and stromal cell types in the TME exert opposing influences on PDAC tumor trajectory, suggesting a more complex organization than the classical "hot" versus "cold" tumor distinction. We review the pro- and antitumor immune processes found in PDAC and briefly discuss their leverage for the development of novel therapeutic approaches in the field.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.