ArticleCancers2022
Inhibition of Autophagy Promotes the Anti-Tumor Effect of Metformin in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma.
Article in Cancers, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 16 citations in OpenAlex.
- Mitochondrial-targeted therapeutics in oral squamous cell carcinoma: molecular and therapeutic implications.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Review
- Targeted Therapies in Oral and Oropharyngeal Cancer: An Overview of Emerging and Repurposed Agents.Cancers · 2025Review
- Article
- Dysregulated autophagy at the nexus of type 2 diabetes mellitus and pancreatic cancer pathogenesis.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Review
- A Narrative Review: Repurposing Metformin as a Potential Therapeutic Agent for Oral Cancer.Cancers · 2024Review
- Increased V-ATPase activity can lead to chemo-resistance in oral squamous cell carcinoma via autophagy induction: new insights.Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 2024Review
- The mechanisms of action of metformin on head and neck cancer in the pre-clinical setting: a scoping review.Frontiers in oncology · 2024Article
- Targeting autophagy to enhance chemotherapy and immunotherapy in oral cancer.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Enhancing the anticancer potential of metformin: fabrication of efficient nanospanlastics,International journal of pharmaceutics: X · 2023Article
- Article
- Metformin Improves Ovarian Cancer Sensitivity to Paclitaxel and Platinum-Based Drugs: A Review of In Vitro Findings.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common malignant tumor in the head and neck. Due to its high malignancy and easy recurrence, the five-year survival rate is only 50-60%. Currently, commonly used chemotherapy drugs for OSCC include cisplatin, paclitaxel, and fluorouracil, which are highly cytotoxic and cause drug resistance in patients. Therefore, a safe and effective treatment strategy for OSCC is urgent. To address this issue, our study investigated the anti-tumor activity of metformin (the first-line diabetes drug) in OSCC. We found that metformin could inhibit OSCC cell proliferation by promoting apoptosis and blocking the cell cycle in G1 phase. Additionally, we also found that metformin could induce protective autophagy of OSCC cells. After inhibiting autophagy with hydroxychloroquine (HCQ), the metformin-induced apoptosis was enhanced. In vitro, metformin inhibited the growth of subcutaneous xenograft tumor in nude mice and HCQ enhanced this effect of metformin. Therefore, metformin combined with HCQ may become a safe and effective treatment strategy for OSCC.
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Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.