Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36076175›Full record

ArticleBMC neurology2022

Impact of D-dimer for pathologic differentiation on transesophageal echocardiography in embolic stroke of undetermined source: a single-center experience.

Kenichiro Hira, Yuji Ueno, Masao Watanabe, Hideki Shimura, Naohide Kurita, Nobukazu Miyamoto, Haruna Haginiwa, Kazuo Yamashiro, Nobutaka Hattori, Takao Urabe

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in BMC neurology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
0.4field-weighted citation impact, top 37% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed, 2 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Kenichiro HiraDepartment of Neurology, Juntendo University Urayasu Hospital, 2-1-1 Tomioka, Urayasu, Chiba, 279-0021, Japan.
Yuji UenoDepartment of Neurology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan. yuji-u@juntendo.ac.jp.
Masao WatanabeDepartment of Neurology, Juntendo University Urayasu Hospital, 2-1-1 Tomioka, Urayasu, Chiba, 279-0021, Japan.
Hideki ShimuraDepartment of Neurology, Juntendo University Urayasu Hospital, 2-1-1 Tomioka, Urayasu, Chiba, 279-0021, Japan.
Naohide KuritaDepartment of Neurology, Juntendo University Urayasu Hospital, 2-1-1 Tomioka, Urayasu, Chiba, 279-0021, Japan.
Nobukazu MiyamotoDepartment of Neurology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan.
Haruna HaginiwaDepartment of Neurology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan.
Kazuo YamashiroDepartment of Neurology, Juntendo University Urayasu Hospital, 2-1-1 Tomioka, Urayasu, Chiba, 279-0021, Japan.
Nobutaka HattoriDepartment of Neurology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan.
Takao UrabeDepartment of Neurology, Juntendo University Urayasu Hospital, 2-1-1 Tomioka, Urayasu, Chiba, 279-0021, Japan.
Juntendo University Urayasu Hospital · JPJuntendo University · JP

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundEmbolic stroke of undetermined source (ESUS) encompasses diverse embologenic mechanisms, which transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) is critical to detect. Specific markers related to each embolic source in ESUS is not fully studied. We focused on D-dimer levels, and explored the association of D-dimer with potential embolic sources (PES) identified on TEE in ESUS.

methodsConsecutive patients with ESUS were included in this study. Clinical characteristics including D-dimer levels were compared between ESUS patients with and without TEE, and among none of, one, and at least two PES in ESUS patients undergoing TEE. Factors related to elevation of D-dimer were analyzed.

resultsA total of 211 patients (age, 69.3 ± 13.2 years; 149 males) with ESUS were enrolled. Of these, 115 received TEE, displaying significantly younger age and lower D-dimer levels than patients without TEE (P < 0.05), and 20 (17%), 61 (53%), and 34 (30%) patients were classified into none of, one, and ≥ two PES, respectively. On multiple logistic regression analysis, D-dimer levels were related to one PES (odds ratio [OR]: 9.01; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.00-81.51; P = 0.050) and PES ≥ two (OR: 9.76; 95% CI: 1.07-88.97; P = 0.043). Right-to-left shunt (RLS) with deep venous thrombosis (DVT)(OR: 13.94; 95% CI: 1.77-109.99; P = 0.012) and without DVT (OR: 3.90; 95% CI: 1.20-12.70; P = 0.024) were associated with elevation of D-dimer.

conclusionsD-dimer levels were higher in patients with PES. Among PES, RLS, with and without DVT, were associated with increase of D-dimer in ESUS.

Indexed as

Embolic StrokeEmbolismIntracranial EmbolismStrokeAgedAged, 80 and overEchocardiography, TransesophagealFibrin Fibrinogen Degradation ProductsHumansMaleMiddle AgedRisk FactorsFibrin Fibrinogen Degradation Productsfibrin fragment DD-dimerEmbolic stroke of undetermined sourcePatent foramen ovaleTransesophageal echocardiography

Identifiers

PMID36076175
PMCPMC9454212
OpenAlexW4295078671

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.