ArticleCell reports. Medicine2022
Vaccine subtype and dose interval determine immunogenicity of primary series COVID-19 vaccines in older people.
Article in Cell reports. Medicine, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 10 citations in OpenAlex.
- Role of senescent CD4Journal of translational medicine · 2025Article
- Dynamic Changes and Trends of SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies Induced by Infection and Vaccination Across Multiple Time Points.Journal of medical virology · 2025Article
- Age differentially impacts adaptive immune responses induced by adenoviral versus mRNA vaccines against COVID-19.Nature aging · 2024Article
- Safety, immunogenicity and protective effect of sequential vaccination with inactivated and recombinant protein COVID-19 vaccine in the elderly: a prospective longitudinal study.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2024Article
- The effect of dose-interval on antibody response to mRNA COVID-19 vaccines: a prospective cohort study.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Head-to-Head Comparison of Novel Vaccine Technologies Comes with a Minefield of Challenges.Pharmaceutics · 2023Article
- Booster Immunization Improves Memory B Cell Responses in Older Adults Unresponsive to Primary SARS-CoV-2 Immunization.Vaccines · 2023Article
- Adjusted COVID-19 booster schedules balance age-dependent differences in antibody titers benefitting risk populations.Frontiers in aging · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
13 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Age is the strongest determinant of COVID-19 mortality, and over 2 billion people have received primary series vaccination with BNT162b2 (mRNA) or ChAdOx1 (adenoviral vector). However, the profile of sustained vaccine immunogenicity in older people is unknown. Here, we determine spike-specific humoral and cellular immunity to 8 months following BNT162b2 or ChAdOx1 in 245 people aged 80-98 years. Vaccines are strongly immunogenic, with antibodies retained in every donor, while titers fall to 23%-26% from peak. Peak immunity develops rapidly with standard interval BNT162b2, although antibody titers are enhanced 3.7-fold with extended interval. Neutralization of ancestral variants is superior following BNT162b2, while neutralization of Omicron is broadly negative. Conversely, cellular responses are stronger following ChAdOx1 and are retained to 33%-60% of peak with all vaccines. BNT162b2 and ChAdOx1 elicit strong, but differential, sustained immunogenicity in older people. These data provide a baseline to assess optimal booster regimen in this vulnerable age group.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.