Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36074864›Full record

ArticleJournal of the American Chemical Society2022

Tuning the Force, Speed, and Efficiency of an Autonomous Chemically Fueled Information Ratchet.

Stefan Borsley, David A Leigh, Benjamin M W Roberts, Iñigo J Vitorica-Yrezabal

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of the American Chemical Society, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
13citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

13 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Recent Advancements in Information Ratchet Design.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026
    Review
  2. Article
  3. Catalysis-driven Active Transport Across a Liquid Membrane.Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English) · 2025
    Article
  4. A Catalysis-Driven Dual Molecular Motor.Journal of the American Chemical Society · 2025
    Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Ratcheting synthesis.Nature reviews. Chemistry · 2024
    Review
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Regulating DNA-Hybridization Using a Chemically Fueled Reaction Cycle.Journal of the American Chemical Society · 2022
    Article
  13. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Stefan BorsleyDepartment of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
David A LeighDepartment of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.ORCID 0000-0002-1202-4507
Benjamin M W RobertsDepartment of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.ORCID 0000-0003-2820-8359
Iñigo J Vitorica-YrezabalDepartment of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Autonomous chemically fueled molecular machines that function through information ratchet mechanisms underpin the nonequilibrium processes that sustain life. These biomolecular motors have evolved to be well-suited to the tasks they perform. Synthetic systems that function through similar mechanisms have recently been developed, and their minimalist structures enable the influence of structural changes on machine performance to be assessed. Here, we probe the effect of changes in the fuel and barrier-forming species on the nonequilibrium operation of a carbodiimide-fueled rotaxane-based information ratchet. We examine the machine's ability to catalyze the fuel-to-waste reaction and harness energy from it to drive directional displacement of the macrocycle. These characteristics are intrinsically linked to the speed, force, power, and efficiency of the ratchet output. We find that, just as for biomolecular motors and macroscopic machinery, optimization of one feature (such as speed) can compromise other features (such as the force that can be generated by the ratchet). Balancing speed, power, efficiency, and directionality will likely prove important when developing artificial molecular motors for particular applications.

Indexed as

RotaxanesCarbodiimidesCatalysisMechanical PhenomenaCarbodiimidesRotaxanes

Identifiers

PMID36074864
PMCPMC9501901

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.