ArticleJournal of assisted reproduction and genetics2022
Early β-hCG levels predict live birth after single embryo transfer.
Article in Journal of assisted reproduction and genetics, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 14 citations in OpenAlex.
- Diagnostic accuracy of initial serum β-hCG in predicting pregnancy outcomes post-SET in IVF/ICSI cycles: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Pooled it
- When to test: defining the earliest reliable time for pregnancy detection and its prognostic value after frozen embryo transfer.AJOG global reports · 2026Article
- Live births after low initial β-hCG in IVF cycles: a retrospective cohort study.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2026Article
- Tailoring clinical management after embryo transfer using β-hCG levels in resource-limited settings.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Compliance with the European Pregnancy Prevention Programme in Isotretinoin Treatment: Safety Outcomes and Dose-Related Correlations.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Trophectoderm grade as a predictor of beta human-chorionic gonadotropin rise in early pregnancy.Journal of assisted reproduction and genetics · 2024Article
- Single day 14 serum hCG values allow prediction of viable pregnancy and are significantly higher in frozen as compared to fresh single blastocyst transfer.Journal of assisted reproduction and genetics · 2024Article
- Liability, risks, and recommendations for ultrasound use in the diagnosis of obstetrics diseases.Heliyon · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeSpecific serum beta human chorionic gonadotropin (β-hCG) parameters that can predict live birth after an embryo transfer have yet to be defined.
methodsWe performed a retrospective cohort study of 1,028 patients with a detectable β-hCG who underwent a single embryo transfer between 2002 and 2019 at a large academic center. Two β-hCG parameters were examined in relation to live birth: 1) "doubling" defined as β-hCG doubling over 48 h and 2) "reaching 100" defined as a β-hCG ≥ 100 mIU/mL by 15 days after oocyte retrieval (AOR).
resultsOne thousand three hundred forty cycles involving a single embryo were analyzed. Two thirds were frozen embryos and 86% were blastocyst transfers. Preimplantation genetic testing was performed in almost 30% of cycles. When β-hCG levels "doubled," a live birth occurred in 80.7% of cycles and when β-hCG levels "reached 100" by 15 days AOR, live birth occurred in 81.6% of cycles. When β-hCG levels both doubled and reached 100 by 15 days, AOR 85.4% cycles resulted in live birth. A multiple logistic regression model to control for patient and cycle level factors revealed a live birth odds ratio (OR) of 8.0 (95% CI 5.7-11.1) when β-hCG "doubled" and an OR of 21.2 (95% CI 14.3-31.5) when β-hCG "reached 100." When both these latter parameters were met, the OR was 12.5 (95% CI 8.9-17.8).
conclusionβ-hCG parameters of "doubling" and "reaching 100" by 15 days AOR are robust predictors of live birth and can aid in patient counseling regarding pregnancy outcomes soon after single embryo transfer.
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