Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36073251›Full record

ArticleSchizophrenia bulletin2023

Are Self-disorders in Schizophrenia Expressive of a Unifying Disturbance of Subjectivity: A Factor Analytic Approach.

Julie Nordgaard, Jonas Berge, Andreas Rosén Rasmussen, Karl Erik Sandsten, Maja Zandersen, Josef Parnas

Erratum issuedAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Schizophrenia bulletin, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 15 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
15citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

15 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Review
  3. Poor insight and self-disorders in schizophrenia: an empirical study.European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience · 2026
    Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
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  7. Double bookkeeping in schizophrenia spectrum disorder: an empirical-phenomenological study.European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience · 2024
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Julie NordgaardMental Health Center Amager, Gammel Kongevej 33, 1610 Copenhagen, Denmark.ORCID 0000-0003-2492-9124
Jonas BergeDepartment of Clinical Sciences, Division of Psychiatry, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
Andreas Rosén RasmussenMental Health Center Amager, Gammel Kongevej 33, 1610 Copenhagen, Denmark.
Karl Erik SandstenDepartment of Neuroscience, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Maja ZandersenMental Health Center Glostrup, Broendbyoestervej 160, 2605 Broendby, Denmark.
Josef ParnasMental Health Center Glostrup, Broendbyoestervej 160, 2605 Broendby, Denmark.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

background and hypothesisThe idea that a disorder of the basic self is a central feature in schizophrenia has recently been corroborated in a meta-analysis and a systematic review. Manifestations of the self-disorder can be systematically explored with the Examination of Anomalous Self-Experience (EASE). In this study, we examined the factorial structure of EASE, and diagnostic efficacy of EASE. We hypothesized that EASE will have a monofactorial structure as an instability of the basic self will result in multiple deformations of self-experience which would be meaningfully interrelated as aspects of a unifying Gestalt.

designEASE data for 226 patients suffering from various mental disorders were analyzed under a confirmatory factor analysis framework (CFA). Area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was calculated for the total EASE sums, and sensitivity and specificity values for prediction of schizophrenia spectrum disorders based on different cut-offs were obtained.

resultsFit indices for the CFA model: RMSEA = 0.036, SRMR = 0.100, CFI = 0.983, TLI = 0.981. The AUC value was 0.946 (95% confidence interval: 0.919-0.974). Sensitivity as well as specificity for schizophrenia spectrum disorders were high.

conclusionOur results lend support for EASE exhibiting a monofactorial structure and the notion of self-disorders as a central phenotypic feature of schizophrenia spectrum disorders.

Indexed as

SchizophreniaFactor Analysis, StatisticalHumansROC CurveSensitivity and Specificitybasic selfcut-offmonofactorialschizophreniaself-disordersselfhoodsensitivityspecificity

Identifiers

PMID36073251
PMCPMC9809994

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.