ArticleParasites & vectors2022
Glutathione metabolism in Cryptocaryon irritans involved in defense against oxidative stress induced by zinc ions.
Article in Parasites & vectors, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- From genome to drug targets: computational subtractive genomics reveals novel anti-filarial targets in Wuchereria bancrofti and identifies plant-based inhibitors of β-1,4-mannosyltransferase, a high-priority target.Molecular diversity · 2026Article
- Hypoxia-induced oxidative stress and mitochondrial damage initiate ferroptosis in Cryptocaryon irritans, a protozoan parasite of marine fish.Stress biology · 2026Article
- Article
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7 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundCryptocaryon irritans is a fatal parasite for marine teleosts and causes severe economic loss for aquaculture. Galvanized materials have shown efficacy in controlling this parasite infestation through the release of zinc ions to induce oxidative stress.
methodsIn this study, the resistance mechanism in C. irritans against oxidative stress induced by zinc ions was investigated. Untargeted metabolomics analysis was used to determine metabolic regulation in C. irritans in response to zinc ion treatment by the immersion of protomonts in ZnSO
resultsThe results showed that zinc ion exposure disrupted amino acid metabolism, carbohydrate metabolism, lipid metabolism, and nucleotide metabolism in C. irritans. Four antioxidants, namely ascorbate, S-hexyl-glutathione, syringic acid, and ubiquinone-1, were significantly increased in the Zn group (P < 0.01), while the glutathione metabolism pathway was enhanced. The encystment rate of C. irritans was significantly higher in the ascorbate and methionine treatment (P < 0.05) groups. Additionally, at 24 h post-zinc ion exposure, the relative mRNA level of glutathione reductase (GR) was increased significantly (P < 0.01). On the contrary, the relative mRNA levels of glutathione S-transferase (GT) and phospholipid-hydroperoxide glutathione peroxidase (GPx) were significantly decreased (P < 0.05), thus indicating that the generation of reduced glutathione was enhanced.
conclusionsThese results revealed that glutathione metabolism in C. irritans contributes to oxidative stress resistance from zinc ions, and could be a potential drug target for controlling C. irritans infection.
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