Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36071392›Full record

SynthesisBMC psychiatry2022

What are the barriers and facilitators to seeking help for mental health in NHS doctors: a systematic review and qualitative study.

Nadia Zaman, Khadeejah Mujahid, Fahmid Ahmed, Simran Mahmud, Hamza Naeem, Umar Riaz, Umayair Ullah, Benita Cox

Open access · goldAbstract readSystematic Review
In one paragraph

Synthesis in BMC psychiatry, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 37 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
37citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
15.9field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

37 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 60 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  7. Early Post-implementation Analysis of a Medical Student Mental Health Program.Academic psychiatry : the journal of the American Association of Directors of Psychiatric Residency Training and the Association for Academic Psychiatry · 2026
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  12. Doctors with mental health difficulties and ADHD.Occupational medicine (Oxford, England) · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Nadia Zaman *Imperial College Business School, Exhibition Road, London, SW7 2AZ, UK. tahmeena.zaman17@imperial.ac.uk.
Khadeejah Mujahid *Imperial College Business School, Exhibition Road, London, SW7 2AZ, UK.
Fahmid Ahmed *Imperial College Business School, Exhibition Road, London, SW7 2AZ, UK.
Simran MahmudImperial College Business School, Exhibition Road, London, SW7 2AZ, UK.
Hamza NaeemImperial College Business School, Exhibition Road, London, SW7 2AZ, UK.
Umar RiazImperial College Business School, Exhibition Road, London, SW7 2AZ, UK.
Umayair UllahImperial College Business School, Exhibition Road, London, SW7 2AZ, UK.
Benita CoxImperial College Business School, Exhibition Road, London, SW7 2AZ, UK.
Imperial College London · GB

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe mental health of healthcare professionals is reaching a breaking point, and the COVID-19 pandemic has exacerbated current mental health issues to unprecedented levels. Whilst some research has been carried out on the barriers that doctors face when seeking mental health help, there is little research into factors which may facilitate seeking help. We aimed to expand the research base on factors which act as barriers to seeking help, as well as gain insight into facilitators of help-seeking behaviour for mental health in NHS doctors.

methodsWe conducted a systematic literature review which identified the barriers and facilitators to seeking help for mental health in healthcare professionals. Following this, we conducted semi-structured interviews with 31 NHS doctors about their experiences with mental health services. Finally, through thematic analysis, key themes were synthesised from the data.

resultsOur systematic literature review uncovered barriers and facilitators from pre-existing literature, of which the barriers were: preventing actions, self-stigma, perceived stigma, costs of seeking treatment, lack of awareness and availability of support, negative career implications, confidentiality concerns and a lack of time to seek help. Only two facilitators were found in the pre-existing literature, a positive work environment and availability of support services. Our qualitative study uncovered additional barriers and facilitators, of which the identified barriers include: a negative workplace culture, lack of openness, expectations of doctors and generational differences. The facilitators include positive views about mental health, external confidential service, better patient outcomes, protected time, greater awareness and accessibility, open culture and supportive supervisors.

conclusionOur study began by identifying barriers and facilitators to seeking mental health help in healthcare workers, through our systematic literature review. We contributed to these findings by identifying themes in qualitative data.. Our findings are crucial to identify factors preventing NHS doctors from seeking help for their mental health so that more can be done on a national, trust-wide and personal level to overcome these barriers. Likewise, further research into facilitators is key to encourage doctors to reach out and seek help for their mental health.

Indexed as

COVID-19Mental HealthHumansPandemicsPatient Acceptance of Health CareState MedicineBarriersFacilitatorsHelp-seeking behaviourMental healthNHS doctorsQualitative studySystematic review

Identifiers

PMID36071392
PMCPMC9450826
OpenAlexW4294990553

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.