ArticleEnvironmental health perspectives2022
Drinking Water-Associated PFAS and Fluoroethers and Lipid Outcomes in the GenX Exposure Study.
Article in Environmental health perspectives, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 19 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 50 citations in OpenAlex.
- PFOS exposure is linked to immune-metabolic disruption in MASLD: integrated population, computational, and experimental evidence.Molecular diversity · 2026Article
- GenX exposure induces neurodevelopmental impairment and synaptic toxicity in hESC-derived cerebral organoids.Materials today. Bio · 2026Article
- Integration of mechanistic and repeat dose toxicity data in the derivation of an oral reference dose for HFPO-DA.Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology · 2026Review
- Early exposure to PFAS disrupts neuro-muscular development in zebrafish embryos.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Sorption of Anionic and Zwitterionic Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances Present in Legacy Aqueous Film-Forming Foams.Environmental science & technology · 2026Article
- Impact of PFAS exposure on lipid metabolic pathways: mechanisms and implicatins in carcinogenesis.Frontiers in toxicology · 2026Review
- Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS): History, Current Concerns, and Future Outlook.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Investigating Lipid and Energy Dyshomeostasis Induced by Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) Congeners in Mouse Model Using Systems Biology Approaches.Metabolites · 2025Article
- Exposure to Long- and Short-Chain Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in Mice and Ovarian-Related Outcomes: AnEnvironmental health perspectives · 2025Article
- Perfluorooctane Sulfonate (PFOS) and Related Compounds Induce Nuclear Receptor 4A1 (NR4A1)-Dependent Carcinogenesis.Chemical research in toxicology · 2025Article
- Associations of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances with human milk metabolomic profiles in a rural North American cohort.Environmental epidemiology (Philadelphia, Pa.) · 2024Article
- Comparative Proteomics Highlights that GenX Exposure Leads to Metabolic Defects and Inflammation in Astrocytes.Environmental science & technology · 2024Article
- Review
- Perfluoroalkyl/Polyfluoroalkyl Substances: Links to Cardiovascular Disease Risk.Circulation research · 2024Review
- Association between lipid-lowering drugs and allergic diseases: A Mendelian randomization study.The World Allergy Organization journal · 2024Article
- Reanalysis of PFO5DoA Levels in Blood from Wilmington, North Carolina, Residents, 2017-2018.Environmental health perspectives · 2024Article
- PFAS levels in paired drinking water and serum samples collected from an exposed community in Central North Carolina.The Science of the total environment · 2023Article
- Article
- Let's talk about PFAS: Inconsistent public awareness about PFAS and its sources in the United States.PloS one · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
7 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundResidents of Wilmington, North, Carolina, were exposed to drinking water contaminated by fluoroethers and legacy per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), such as perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS), with fluoroether exposure occurring from 1980 to 2017. PFOA and PFOS have previously been associated with metabolic dysfunction; however, few prior studies have examined associations between other PFAS and lipid levels.
objectivesWe measured the association between serum fluoroether and legacy PFAS levels and various cholesterol outcomes.
methodsParticipants in the GenX Exposure Study contributed nonfasting blood samples in November 2017 and May 2018 that were analyzed for 20 PFAS (10 legacy, 10 fluoroethers) and serum lipids [total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), triglycerides] and calculated non-HDL cholesterol. We estimated covariate-adjusted associations between quartiles of exposure to each of the PFAS measures (as well as the summed concentrations of legacy PFAS, fluoroethers, and all 10 targeted PFAS) and lipid outcomes by fitting inverse probability of treatment weighted linear regressions.
resultsIn this cross-sectional study of 326 participants (age range 6-86 y), eight PFAS were detected in DISCUSSION: PFNA and PFOS were associated with higher levels of total and non-HDL cholesterol, with associations larger in magnitude among older adults. In the presence of these legacy PFAS, fluoroethers appeared to be associated with HDL but not non-HDL lipid measures. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP11033.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.