ArticleDemography2022
Skin Tone and the Health Returns to Higher Status.
Article in Demography, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 23 citations in OpenAlex.
- Industrial Air Toxicant Exposure and Individual Mortality: Evidence from the Americans' Changing Lives Cohort, 1986-2019.Epidemiology (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2026Article
- Health Implications of Colorism: A Narrative Review of the Literature.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2026Review
- Skin color stratification and sleep duration: Evidence from a nationally representative sample.Sleep health · 2026Article
- Linked emergence of racial disparities in mental health and epigenetic biological aging across childhood and adolescence.Molecular psychiatry · 2025Article
- Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Functional Limitations Among U.S.-born Older Adults: Examining the Role of Physically Demanding Work.Demography · 2025Article
- Skin tone - a marker of bias known as colorism - in relation to sleep health among African American women.SSM - population health · 2025Article
- Racial Capitalism and Black-White Health Inequities in the United States: The Case of the 2008 Financial Crisis.Journal of health and social behavior · 2025Article
- Residential Segregation and Epigenetic Age Acceleration Among Older-Age Black and White Americans.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025Article
- Demographic and Socioeconomic Factors, Including Workers' Compensation, as Predictors of Monocular Blindness After Open Globe Injuries.Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2025Article
- Traces of Historical Redlining in the Contemporary United States: New Evidence from the Add Health Cohort.Population research and policy review · 2024Article
- Fear of a Black Neighborhood: Anti-Black Racism and the Health of White Americans.Social forces; a scientific medium of social study and interpretation · 2024Article
- Unequal Exposure to Occupational Stress across the Life Course: The Intersection of Race/Ethnicity and Gender.Socius : sociological research for a dynamic worldArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
This study addresses two questions. First, why do Black Americans exhibit worse health outcomes than White Americans even at higher levels of socioeconomic status (SES)? Second, are diminished health returns to higher status concentrated among Black Americans with darker skin color? Novel hypotheses are tested with biosocial panel data from Add Health, a nationally representative cohort of Black and White adolescents who have transitioned to adulthood. We find that White and light-skin Black respondents report improved health after achieving higher SES, on average, while their darker-skin Black peers report declining health. These patterns persist regardless of controls for adolescent health status and unmeasured between-person heterogeneity. Moreover, increased inflammation tied to unfair treatment and perceptions of lower status helps to account for patterns of diminished health returns for dark-skin Black groups. Our study is the first to document skin tone heterogeneity in diminished health returns and one of few studies to identify life course stress processes underlying such disparities. We consider additional processes that could be examined in future studies, as well as the broader health and policy implications of our findings.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.