ArticleThe American journal of psychiatry2022
Charting the Landscape of Genetic Overlap Between Mental Disorders and Related Traits Beyond Genetic Correlation.
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In one paragraph
Article in The American journal of psychiatry, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 85 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
0numbers the graph read from it
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85citing papers in PubMed, 5 pooled it
21.5field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
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Who cites it
85 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 116 citations in OpenAlex.
- Genome-wide association studies of infant and toddler temperament in European and multi-ancestry populations.Nature human behaviour · 2026Pooled it
- Dissecting Schizophrenia Biology Using Pleiotropy With Cognitive Genomics.Biological psychiatry · 2025Pooled it
- Genome-wide association meta-analysis of age at onset of walking in over 70,000 infants of European ancestry.Nature human behaviour · 2025Pooled it
- Genome-wide analyses identify 30 loci associated with obsessive-compulsive disorder.Nature genetics · 2025Pooled it
- A Systematic Review of the Human Accelerated Regions in Schizophrenia and Related Disorders: Where the Evolutionary and Neurodevelopmental Hypotheses Converge.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Pooled it
- Neuropsychiatry genetics in Africa.Nature communications · 2026Review
- Common alleles associated with connectivity within and across the brain's main functional networks.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Genetic overlap and shared risk loci between autism spectrum disorder and cardiometabolic traits.Molecular psychiatry · 2026Article
- Genetically informed dissection of multimodal brain aging and ten major psychiatric disorders.Molecular psychiatry · 2026Article
- Mapping genetic convergence across brain structure, mental health, and cardiometabolic disease.Communications medicine · 2026Article
- Shared genetic architecture and neurobiological pathways of problematic alcohol use and anxiety disorders.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2026Article
- Exploration of Genetic Overlap of Brain Phenotypes With Schizophrenia: Different Methods Provide Complementary Insights.Schizophrenia bulletin · 2026Article
- Divergent Patterns of Genetic Overlap Between Severe Mental Disorders and Metabolic Markers.The American journal of psychiatry · 2026Article
- Genetic pathways linking oxytocin-vasotocin hypothalamic subunit architecture with psychiatric and metabolic traits.Molecular psychiatry · 2026Article
- Polygenic scores in psychiatric research and clinical practice.Medizinische Genetik : Mitteilungsblatt des Berufsverbandes Medizinische Genetik e.V · 2026Article
- Shared genetic architecture between ADHD and intelligence varies across ADHD subtypes.BMC medicine · 2026Article
- Dissecting the polygenic architecture of psychopathology via singular value decomposition of eight psychiatric genome-wide association studies and evaluation of component-based polygenic scores.General psychiatry · 2026Article
- Evidence for overlapping genetic architecture between lifestyle factors and severe mental disorders with different patterns across diagnoses.EBioMedicine · 2026Article
- Regional heterogeneity in phenotypic and genetic associations between bone and brain in humans.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Copy number variants reveal divergent genetic and diagnostic cortical signatures across psychiatric disorders.Research square · 2026Article
25 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
17 authors at 1 institution in 2 countries.
Guy HindleyNORMENT Center, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, and Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo (Hindley, Frei, Shadrin, Cheng, O'Connell, Icick, Parker, Bahrami, Karadag, Roelfs, Holen, Lin, Smeland, Andreassen); Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neurosciences, King's College London (Hindley); Center for Bioinformatics, Department of Informatics, University of Oslo, Oslo (Frei); INSERM UMR-S1144, Université Paris Cité, Paris (Icick); Department of Cognitive Science (Fan), Multimodal Imaging Laboratory (Fan, Dale), and Departments of Psychiatry, Neurosciences, and Radiology (Dale), University of California, San Diego, La Jolla; Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo (Djurovic); NORMENT Center, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (Djurovic); KG Jebsen Center for Neurodevelopmental disorders, University of Oslo, Oslo (Shadrin, Djurovic, Andreassen).
Oleksandr FreiNORMENT Center, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, and Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo (Hindley, Frei, Shadrin, Cheng, O'Connell, Icick, Parker, Bahrami, Karadag, Roelfs, Holen, Lin, Smeland, Andreassen); Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neurosciences, King's College London (Hindley); Center for Bioinformatics, Department of Informatics, University of Oslo, Oslo (Frei); INSERM UMR-S1144, Université Paris Cité, Paris (Icick); Department of Cognitive Science (Fan), Multimodal Imaging Laboratory (Fan, Dale), and Departments of Psychiatry, Neurosciences, and Radiology (Dale), University of California, San Diego, La Jolla; Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo (Djurovic); NORMENT Center, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (Djurovic); KG Jebsen Center for Neurodevelopmental disorders, University of Oslo, Oslo (Shadrin, Djurovic, Andreassen).
Alexey A ShadrinNORMENT Center, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, and Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo (Hindley, Frei, Shadrin, Cheng, O'Connell, Icick, Parker, Bahrami, Karadag, Roelfs, Holen, Lin, Smeland, Andreassen); Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neurosciences, King's College London (Hindley); Center for Bioinformatics, Department of Informatics, University of Oslo, Oslo (Frei); INSERM UMR-S1144, Université Paris Cité, Paris (Icick); Department of Cognitive Science (Fan), Multimodal Imaging Laboratory (Fan, Dale), and Departments of Psychiatry, Neurosciences, and Radiology (Dale), University of California, San Diego, La Jolla; Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo (Djurovic); NORMENT Center, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (Djurovic); KG Jebsen Center for Neurodevelopmental disorders, University of Oslo, Oslo (Shadrin, Djurovic, Andreassen).
Weiqiu ChengNORMENT Center, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, and Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo (Hindley, Frei, Shadrin, Cheng, O'Connell, Icick, Parker, Bahrami, Karadag, Roelfs, Holen, Lin, Smeland, Andreassen); Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neurosciences, King's College London (Hindley); Center for Bioinformatics, Department of Informatics, University of Oslo, Oslo (Frei); INSERM UMR-S1144, Université Paris Cité, Paris (Icick); Department of Cognitive Science (Fan), Multimodal Imaging Laboratory (Fan, Dale), and Departments of Psychiatry, Neurosciences, and Radiology (Dale), University of California, San Diego, La Jolla; Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo (Djurovic); NORMENT Center, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (Djurovic); KG Jebsen Center for Neurodevelopmental disorders, University of Oslo, Oslo (Shadrin, Djurovic, Andreassen).
Kevin S O'ConnellNORMENT Center, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, and Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo (Hindley, Frei, Shadrin, Cheng, O'Connell, Icick, Parker, Bahrami, Karadag, Roelfs, Holen, Lin, Smeland, Andreassen); Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neurosciences, King's College London (Hindley); Center for Bioinformatics, Department of Informatics, University of Oslo, Oslo (Frei); INSERM UMR-S1144, Université Paris Cité, Paris (Icick); Department of Cognitive Science (Fan), Multimodal Imaging Laboratory (Fan, Dale), and Departments of Psychiatry, Neurosciences, and Radiology (Dale), University of California, San Diego, La Jolla; Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo (Djurovic); NORMENT Center, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (Djurovic); KG Jebsen Center for Neurodevelopmental disorders, University of Oslo, Oslo (Shadrin, Djurovic, Andreassen).
Romain IcickNORMENT Center, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, and Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo (Hindley, Frei, Shadrin, Cheng, O'Connell, Icick, Parker, Bahrami, Karadag, Roelfs, Holen, Lin, Smeland, Andreassen); Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neurosciences, King's College London (Hindley); Center for Bioinformatics, Department of Informatics, University of Oslo, Oslo (Frei); INSERM UMR-S1144, Université Paris Cité, Paris (Icick); Department of Cognitive Science (Fan), Multimodal Imaging Laboratory (Fan, Dale), and Departments of Psychiatry, Neurosciences, and Radiology (Dale), University of California, San Diego, La Jolla; Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo (Djurovic); NORMENT Center, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (Djurovic); KG Jebsen Center for Neurodevelopmental disorders, University of Oslo, Oslo (Shadrin, Djurovic, Andreassen).
Nadine ParkerNORMENT Center, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, and Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo (Hindley, Frei, Shadrin, Cheng, O'Connell, Icick, Parker, Bahrami, Karadag, Roelfs, Holen, Lin, Smeland, Andreassen); Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neurosciences, King's College London (Hindley); Center for Bioinformatics, Department of Informatics, University of Oslo, Oslo (Frei); INSERM UMR-S1144, Université Paris Cité, Paris (Icick); Department of Cognitive Science (Fan), Multimodal Imaging Laboratory (Fan, Dale), and Departments of Psychiatry, Neurosciences, and Radiology (Dale), University of California, San Diego, La Jolla; Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo (Djurovic); NORMENT Center, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (Djurovic); KG Jebsen Center for Neurodevelopmental disorders, University of Oslo, Oslo (Shadrin, Djurovic, Andreassen).
Shahram BahramiNORMENT Center, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, and Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo (Hindley, Frei, Shadrin, Cheng, O'Connell, Icick, Parker, Bahrami, Karadag, Roelfs, Holen, Lin, Smeland, Andreassen); Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neurosciences, King's College London (Hindley); Center for Bioinformatics, Department of Informatics, University of Oslo, Oslo (Frei); INSERM UMR-S1144, Université Paris Cité, Paris (Icick); Department of Cognitive Science (Fan), Multimodal Imaging Laboratory (Fan, Dale), and Departments of Psychiatry, Neurosciences, and Radiology (Dale), University of California, San Diego, La Jolla; Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo (Djurovic); NORMENT Center, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (Djurovic); KG Jebsen Center for Neurodevelopmental disorders, University of Oslo, Oslo (Shadrin, Djurovic, Andreassen).
Naz KaradagNORMENT Center, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, and Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo (Hindley, Frei, Shadrin, Cheng, O'Connell, Icick, Parker, Bahrami, Karadag, Roelfs, Holen, Lin, Smeland, Andreassen); Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neurosciences, King's College London (Hindley); Center for Bioinformatics, Department of Informatics, University of Oslo, Oslo (Frei); INSERM UMR-S1144, Université Paris Cité, Paris (Icick); Department of Cognitive Science (Fan), Multimodal Imaging Laboratory (Fan, Dale), and Departments of Psychiatry, Neurosciences, and Radiology (Dale), University of California, San Diego, La Jolla; Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo (Djurovic); NORMENT Center, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (Djurovic); KG Jebsen Center for Neurodevelopmental disorders, University of Oslo, Oslo (Shadrin, Djurovic, Andreassen).
Daniel RoelfsNORMENT Center, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, and Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo (Hindley, Frei, Shadrin, Cheng, O'Connell, Icick, Parker, Bahrami, Karadag, Roelfs, Holen, Lin, Smeland, Andreassen); Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neurosciences, King's College London (Hindley); Center for Bioinformatics, Department of Informatics, University of Oslo, Oslo (Frei); INSERM UMR-S1144, Université Paris Cité, Paris (Icick); Department of Cognitive Science (Fan), Multimodal Imaging Laboratory (Fan, Dale), and Departments of Psychiatry, Neurosciences, and Radiology (Dale), University of California, San Diego, La Jolla; Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo (Djurovic); NORMENT Center, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (Djurovic); KG Jebsen Center for Neurodevelopmental disorders, University of Oslo, Oslo (Shadrin, Djurovic, Andreassen).
Børge HolenNORMENT Center, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, and Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo (Hindley, Frei, Shadrin, Cheng, O'Connell, Icick, Parker, Bahrami, Karadag, Roelfs, Holen, Lin, Smeland, Andreassen); Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neurosciences, King's College London (Hindley); Center for Bioinformatics, Department of Informatics, University of Oslo, Oslo (Frei); INSERM UMR-S1144, Université Paris Cité, Paris (Icick); Department of Cognitive Science (Fan), Multimodal Imaging Laboratory (Fan, Dale), and Departments of Psychiatry, Neurosciences, and Radiology (Dale), University of California, San Diego, La Jolla; Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo (Djurovic); NORMENT Center, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (Djurovic); KG Jebsen Center for Neurodevelopmental disorders, University of Oslo, Oslo (Shadrin, Djurovic, Andreassen).
Aihua LinNORMENT Center, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, and Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo (Hindley, Frei, Shadrin, Cheng, O'Connell, Icick, Parker, Bahrami, Karadag, Roelfs, Holen, Lin, Smeland, Andreassen); Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neurosciences, King's College London (Hindley); Center for Bioinformatics, Department of Informatics, University of Oslo, Oslo (Frei); INSERM UMR-S1144, Université Paris Cité, Paris (Icick); Department of Cognitive Science (Fan), Multimodal Imaging Laboratory (Fan, Dale), and Departments of Psychiatry, Neurosciences, and Radiology (Dale), University of California, San Diego, La Jolla; Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo (Djurovic); NORMENT Center, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (Djurovic); KG Jebsen Center for Neurodevelopmental disorders, University of Oslo, Oslo (Shadrin, Djurovic, Andreassen).
Chun C FanNORMENT Center, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, and Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo (Hindley, Frei, Shadrin, Cheng, O'Connell, Icick, Parker, Bahrami, Karadag, Roelfs, Holen, Lin, Smeland, Andreassen); Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neurosciences, King's College London (Hindley); Center for Bioinformatics, Department of Informatics, University of Oslo, Oslo (Frei); INSERM UMR-S1144, Université Paris Cité, Paris (Icick); Department of Cognitive Science (Fan), Multimodal Imaging Laboratory (Fan, Dale), and Departments of Psychiatry, Neurosciences, and Radiology (Dale), University of California, San Diego, La Jolla; Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo (Djurovic); NORMENT Center, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (Djurovic); KG Jebsen Center for Neurodevelopmental disorders, University of Oslo, Oslo (Shadrin, Djurovic, Andreassen).
Srdjan DjurovicNORMENT Center, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, and Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo (Hindley, Frei, Shadrin, Cheng, O'Connell, Icick, Parker, Bahrami, Karadag, Roelfs, Holen, Lin, Smeland, Andreassen); Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neurosciences, King's College London (Hindley); Center for Bioinformatics, Department of Informatics, University of Oslo, Oslo (Frei); INSERM UMR-S1144, Université Paris Cité, Paris (Icick); Department of Cognitive Science (Fan), Multimodal Imaging Laboratory (Fan, Dale), and Departments of Psychiatry, Neurosciences, and Radiology (Dale), University of California, San Diego, La Jolla; Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo (Djurovic); NORMENT Center, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (Djurovic); KG Jebsen Center for Neurodevelopmental disorders, University of Oslo, Oslo (Shadrin, Djurovic, Andreassen).
Anders M DaleNORMENT Center, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, and Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo (Hindley, Frei, Shadrin, Cheng, O'Connell, Icick, Parker, Bahrami, Karadag, Roelfs, Holen, Lin, Smeland, Andreassen); Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neurosciences, King's College London (Hindley); Center for Bioinformatics, Department of Informatics, University of Oslo, Oslo (Frei); INSERM UMR-S1144, Université Paris Cité, Paris (Icick); Department of Cognitive Science (Fan), Multimodal Imaging Laboratory (Fan, Dale), and Departments of Psychiatry, Neurosciences, and Radiology (Dale), University of California, San Diego, La Jolla; Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo (Djurovic); NORMENT Center, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (Djurovic); KG Jebsen Center for Neurodevelopmental disorders, University of Oslo, Oslo (Shadrin, Djurovic, Andreassen).
Olav B SmelandNORMENT Center, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, and Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo (Hindley, Frei, Shadrin, Cheng, O'Connell, Icick, Parker, Bahrami, Karadag, Roelfs, Holen, Lin, Smeland, Andreassen); Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neurosciences, King's College London (Hindley); Center for Bioinformatics, Department of Informatics, University of Oslo, Oslo (Frei); INSERM UMR-S1144, Université Paris Cité, Paris (Icick); Department of Cognitive Science (Fan), Multimodal Imaging Laboratory (Fan, Dale), and Departments of Psychiatry, Neurosciences, and Radiology (Dale), University of California, San Diego, La Jolla; Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo (Djurovic); NORMENT Center, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (Djurovic); KG Jebsen Center for Neurodevelopmental disorders, University of Oslo, Oslo (Shadrin, Djurovic, Andreassen).
Ole A AndreassenNORMENT Center, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, and Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo (Hindley, Frei, Shadrin, Cheng, O'Connell, Icick, Parker, Bahrami, Karadag, Roelfs, Holen, Lin, Smeland, Andreassen); Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neurosciences, King's College London (Hindley); Center for Bioinformatics, Department of Informatics, University of Oslo, Oslo (Frei); INSERM UMR-S1144, Université Paris Cité, Paris (Icick); Department of Cognitive Science (Fan), Multimodal Imaging Laboratory (Fan, Dale), and Departments of Psychiatry, Neurosciences, and Radiology (Dale), University of California, San Diego, La Jolla; Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo (Djurovic); NORMENT Center, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (Djurovic); KG Jebsen Center for Neurodevelopmental disorders, University of Oslo, Oslo (Shadrin, Djurovic, Andreassen).
Inserm · FR
Funding
Spatiotemporal Brain Imaging: Microscopic &System LevelR01EB000790 · NIBIB · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI DALE, ANDERS M · 2002 to 2015
$15.3MNeuronal, glial and BOLD fMRI signals: From BOLD to 2-photon microscopyR01NS057198 · NINDS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI DEVOR, ANNA · 2009 to 2017
$2.6M3/7 Psychiatric Genomics Consortium: Advancing Discovery and ImpactR01MH124839 · NIMH · ICAHN SCHOOL OF MEDICINE AT MOUNT SINAI · PI ANDREASSEN, OLE A, HUCKINS, LAURA MARIANNE · 2021 to 2025
$2.0MMedical Research Council MC_PC_17228Medical Research Council MC_QA137853NIBIB NIH HHS R01 EB000790NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH124839NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS057198
Abstract
objectiveMental disorders are heritable and polygenic, and genome-wide genetic correlations (r
methodsThe authors applied the bivariate causal mixture model (MiXeR) to summary statistics for four mental disorders, four related mental traits, and height from genome-wide association studies (Ns ranged from 53,293 to 766,345). MiXeR estimated the number of "causal" variants for a given trait ("polygenicity"), the number of variants shared between traits, and the genetic correlation of shared variants (r
resultsAmong mental disorders, ADHD was the least polygenic (5.6K "causal" variants), followed by bipolar disorder (8.6K), schizophrenia (9.6K), and depression (14.5K). Most variants were shared across mental disorders (4.4K-9.3K) and between mental disorders and related traits (5.2K-12.8K), but with disorder-specific variations in r
conclusionsThere is extensive genetic overlap across mental disorders and related traits, with mixed effect directions and few disorder-specific variants. This suggests that genetic risk for mental disorders is predominantly differentiated by divergent effect distributions of pleiotropic genetic variants rather than disorder-specific variants. This represents a conceptual advance in our understanding of the landscape of shared genetic architecture across mental disorders, which may inform genetic discovery, biological characterization, nosology, and genetic prediction.
Indexed as
Attention Deficit Disorder with HyperactivityBipolar DisorderMental DisordersGenetic Predisposition to DiseaseGenome-Wide Association StudyHumansMultifactorial InheritancePhenotypePolymorphism, Single NucleotideAttention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)Bipolar and Related DisordersDepressive DisordersGenetics/GenomicsNeurodevelopmental DisordersSchizophrenia Spectrum and Other Psychotic Disorders
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