ArticleHealth services research2023
Racial disparities in pregnancy options counseling and referral in the US South.
Article in Health services research, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 13 citations in OpenAlex.
- Documentation of Pregnancy Options Counseling in a Pediatric Emergency Department and Outpatient General Pediatric Clinic: A Single-Center Retrospective Study.Clinical pediatrics · 2026Article
- Evaluation of a Pregnancy Options Counseling Curriculum for Pediatric Residents.The Journal of adolescent health : official publication of the Society for Adolescent Medicine · 2025Article
- Student and Physician Views of How the Dobbs Decision Affects Training and Practice Location Preferences: Cross-Sectional Questionnaire Study.Interactive journal of medical research · 2025Article
- Prevalence and Characteristics of Emergency Department Visits by Pregnant People: An Analysis of a National Emergency Department Sample (2010-2020).The western journal of emergency medicine · 2024Article
- Preferences and Experiences Regarding Pregnancy Options Counseling in Adolescence and Young Adulthood: A Qualitative Study.The Journal of adolescent health : official publication of the Society for Adolescent Medicine · 2023Article
- Racial disparities in pregnancy options counseling and referral in the US South.Health services research · 2023Article
- "Post-Health education & behavior : the official publication of the Society for Public Health Education · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveThe objective of this study is to examine racial variation in receipt of counseling and referral for pregnancy options (abortion, adoption, and parenting) following pregnancy confirmation. Equitable offering of such information is a professional and ethical obligation and an opportunity to prevent racial disparities in maternal and child health. DATA SOURCE: Primary data from patients at southern United States publicly funded family planning clinics, October 2018-June 2019. STUDY
designPatients at 14 clinics completed a survey about their experiences with pregnancy options counseling and referral following a positive pregnancy test. The primary predictor variable was patients' self-reported racial identity. Outcomes included discussion of pregnancy options, referral for those options, and for support services. DATA COLLECTION: Data from eligible patients with non-missing information for key variables (n = 313) were analyzed using descriptive statistics, χ PRINCIPAL
findingsPatients were largely Black (58%), uninsured (64%), and 18-29 years of age (80%). Intention to continue pregnancy and receipt of prenatal care referral did not differ significantly among Black as compared to non-Black patients. However, Black patients had a higher likelihood of wanting an abortion or adoption referral and not receiving one (abortion: marginal effect [ME] = 7.68%, p = 0.037; adjusted ME [aME] = 9.02%, p = 0.015; adoption: ME = 7.06%, p = 0.031; aME = 8.42%, p = 0.011). Black patients intending to end their pregnancies had a lower probability of receiving an abortion referral than non-Black patients (ME = -22.37%, p = 0.004; aME = -19.69%, p = 0.023). In the fully adjusted model, Black patients also had a higher probability of wanting access to care resources (including transportation, childcare, and financial support) and not receiving them (aME = 5.38%, p = 0.019).
conclusionsClinical interactions surrounding pregnancy confirmation provide critical opportunities to discuss options, coordinate care, and mitigate risk, yet are susceptible to systemic bias. These findings add to limited evidence around pregnancy counseling and referral disparities. Ongoing assessment of pregnancy counseling and referral disparities can provide insight into organizational strengths or the potential to increase structural equity.
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Registered trials
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