ReviewHealth & social care in the community2022
The development of community paramedicine; a restricted review.
Review in Health & social care in the community, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- The Economic Impact of Community Paramedics Within Emergency Medical Services: A Systematic Review.Applied health economics and health policy · 2024Pooled it
- Effectiveness of the community paramedicine at home (CP@home) program for frequent users of emergency medical services in Ontario: a randomized controlled trial.BMC health services research · 2024Trial
- Community Paramedicine Program in Social Housing and Health Service Utilization: A Cluster Randomized Clinical Trial.JAMA network open · 2024Trial
- "It's more than just blood pressure and stitches": a critical examination of paramedic services from the perspectives of intimate partner violence advocates.BMC health services research · 2026Article
- Paramedics in an emerging role; a reflexive thematic analysis of barriers and enablers to primary care innovation through a community of practice.BMC primary care · 2026Article
- Paramedics: A Missing Workforce in Australia's Mental Health System.The Australian journal of rural health · 2026Article
- Article
- Developing the Community Paramedicine Needs Assessment Tool.Nursing reports (Pavia, Italy) · 2025Article
- A Practical Example of How to Apply Constructivist Grounded Theory Methodology: Exploring Patient Experiences During Paramedic Led Healthcare.Research in nursing & health · 2025Article
- Paramedic Practitioners within ambulance services: views of Australian policymakers, health professionals, and consumers.BMC health services research · 2025Article
- A qualitative RE-AIM evaluation of an embedded community paramedicine program in an Ontario Family Health Team.BMC primary care · 2025Article
- A realist evaluation to explain and understand the role of paramedics in primary care.BMC medicine · 2025Article
- Home intravenous diuretic administration for heart failure management: A scoping review.PloS one · 2025Article
- Using an analytic auto-netnographic approach to explore the perceptions of paramedics in primary care.British paramedic journal · 2024Article
- Exploring the feasibility and acceptability of community paramedicine programs in achieving vaccination equity: a qualitative study.BMC health services research · 2024Article
- Article
- Article
- Community paramedicine in dementia care.Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · 2024Article
- Developing criteria for a profession to be considered as profession of allied health in Malaysia: a qualitative study from the Malaysian perspective.BMC health services research · 2024Article
- 'It breaks a narrative of paramedics, that we're lifesavers': A qualitative study of health professionals', bereaved family members' and carers' perceptions and experiences of palliative paramedicine.Palliative medicine · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Community paramedic roles are expanding internationally, and no review of the literature could be found to guide services in the formation of community paramedicine programmes. For this reason, the aim of this restricted review was to explore and better understand the successes and learnings of community paramedic programmes across five domains being; education requirements, models of delivery, clinical governance and supervision, scope of roles and outcomes. This restricted review was conducted by searching four databases (CENTRAL, ERIC, EMBASE, MEDLINE and Google Scholar) as well as grey literature search from 2001 until 28/12/2021. After screening, 98 articles were included in the narrative synthesis. Most studies were from the USA (n = 37), followed by Canada (n = 29). Most studies reported on outcomes of community paramedicine programmes (n = 50), followed by models of delivery (n = 28). The findings of this review demonstrate a lack of research and understanding in the areas of education and scope of the role for community paramedics. The findings highlight a need to develop common approaches to education and scope of role while maintaining flexibility in addressing community needs. There was an observable lack of standardisation in the implementation of governance and supervision models, which may prevent community paramedicine from realising its full potential. The outcome measures reported show that there is evidence to support the implementation of community paramedicine into healthcare system design. Community paramedicine programmes result in a net reduction in acute healthcare utilisation, appear to be economically viable and result in positive patient outcomes with high patient satisfaction with care. There is a developing pool of evidence to many aspects of community paramedicine programmes. However, at this time, gaps in the literature prevent a definitive recommendation on the impact of community paramedicine programmes on healthcare system functionality.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.