ArticleVirology journal2022
Seasonal epidemiological and clinical characteristics of pediatric patients with human parainfluenza virus infection by serotype: a retrospective study.
Article in Virology journal, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.
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Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 27 citations in OpenAlex.
- Whole-genome evolutionary dynamics of human parainfluenza virus type 3 in Shanghai, China, 2016-2024.Virologica Sinica · 2026Article
- High prevalence and clinical impact of microbial co-detection in hospitalized children with human parainfluenza virus type 1.Microbiology spectrum · 2026Article
- Whole-Genome Phylogenetic Characterization of Human Parainfluenza Virus Type 4 Circulating in St. Petersburg, Russia.Viruses · 2026Article
- Article
- Differential Induction and Signaling of Type I and III Interferons During Infection of Human Nasal Epithelial Cells With the Four Human Parainfluenza Virus Types.Journal of medical virology · 2026Article
- Seasonal Trends of Major Respiratory, Gastrointestinal, and Other Viral Infections in Korea: An Analysis Before, During, and After the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic.Annals of laboratory medicine · 2026Review
- Epidemiological trends and climate-driven dynamics of children respiratory infections in Lanzhou, China: a multi-pathogen time-series analysis.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Article
- Insights Into monoclonal antibodies and vaccines targeting respiratory viruses.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2026Review
- Research progress on the current status of respiratory pathogen infections and their detection methods.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Review
- Environmental lag effects and clinical characteristics of pediatric human parainfluenza virus type 3 infections.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Epidemiological characteristics of human parainfluenza virus infections and phylogenetic analysis of human parainfluenza virus type 3 isolated from children with respiratory tract infections from 2020 to 2022 in Zhejiang, China.Archives of virology · 2025Article
- Trends in human parainfluenza virus in Scotland before and after the peak of the COVID-19 pandemic, January 2017 to October 2023.Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin · 2025Article
- Distribution and Clinical Profile of Human Parainfluenza Viruses in Hospitalized Patients With Acute Febrile Illness.International journal of microbiology · 2025Article
- Analysis of respiratory pathogen detection in hospitalized children with acute respiratory tract infections after ending the zero COVID policy.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Seasonal Patterns of Common Respiratory Viral Infections in Immunocompetent and Immunosuppressed Patients.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- The relationship between autophagy and respiratory viruses.Archives of microbiology · 2024Review
- The prevalence of 17 common respiratory viruses in patients with respiratory illness but negative for COVID-19: A cross-sectional study.Health science reports · 2024Article
- Epidemiology and clinical severity of the serotypes of human parainfluenza virus in children with acute respiratory infection.Virology journal · 2023Article
- Human Parainfluenza Virus (HPIV) Detection in Hospitalized Children with Acute Respiratory Tract Infection in the Western Cape, South Africa during 2014-2022 Reveals a Shift in Dominance of HPIV 3 and 4 Infections.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Molecular Evolution of Human Parainfluenza Virus Type 2 Based on Hemagglutinin-Neuraminidase Gene.Microbiology spectrum · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe development of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test promoted the evaluation of the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of human parainfluenza virus (HPIV) type 4, which has been rarely studied using conventional diagnostic methods. This study aimed to determine the seasonal epidemiological and clinical characteristics of all four HPIV serotypes (HPIV-1, HPIV-2, HPIV-3, and HPIV-4) during the era of PCR testing.
methodsThe medical records of hospitalized pediatric patients diagnosed with HPIV infections by a multiplex PCR test between 2015 and 2021 were retrospectively reviewed to determine the seasonal distributions of each HPIV serotype. For patients with a single HPIV infection, the clinical characteristics of each HPIV serotype were evaluated and compared with one another.
resultsAmong the 514 cases of HPIV infection, HPIV-1, HPIV-2, HPIV-3, and HPIV-4 were identified in 27.2%, 11.9%, 42.6%, and 18.3% of cases, respectively. HPIV-3 was most prevalent in spring, and the other three serotypes were most prevalent in autumn. For patients with a single HPIV infection, those infected by HPIV-1 and HPIV-3 were younger than those infected by HPIV-2 and HPIV-4 (P < 0.001). Croup and lower respiratory tract infection (LRI) were most frequently diagnosed in patients infected by HPIV-1 (P < 0.001) and HPIV-4 (P = 0.002), respectively. During 2020-2021, HPIV-3 was most prevalent in autumn and caused fewer LRIs (P = 0.009) and more seizures (P < 0.001) than during 2015-2019.
conclusionsEach HPIV serotype exhibited a distinct seasonal predominance, and some differences in the clinical characteristics of the HPIV serotypes were observed. HPIV-4 acted as an important cause of LRI. Considering the recent changes in the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of HPIV-3, more time-series analyses should be conducted.
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