Observational studyBMC psychiatry2022
A cross-sectional study on the association of anxiety and depression with the disease activity of systemic lupus erythematosus.
Observational study in BMC psychiatry, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06155565 (Investigating Patterns in Enrollment and Engagement Among Individuals Coping With Anxiety Disorder), which is not on this map. Cited by 17 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Investigating Patterns in Enrollment and Engagement Among Individuals Coping With Anxiety Disorder
Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 34 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Two-year follow-up of neuropsychiatric symptoms in patients with systemic autoimmune rheumatic diseases: longitudinal insights on depression, anxiety, memory and adaptation in the INSPIRE cohort.EClinicalMedicine · 2026Article
- Patients with recent-onset systemic lupus erythematosus use more antidepressant medication than matched controls: A case-control study.Medicine · 2026Observational
- Diffuse neuropsychiatric lupus: Clinical evidence, immune-mediated mechanisms, and therapeutic insights.Seminars in immunology · 2025Review
- Article
- Neuropsychiatric symptoms in systemic lupus erythematosus: mixed methods analysis of patient-derived attributional evidence in the international INSPIRE project.Rheumatology (Oxford, England) · 2025Article
- Depression and anxiety in childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus: prevalence, associated factors, and impact on quality of life and family.Pediatric rheumatology online journal · 2025Article
- Review
- Application of machine learning in depression risk prediction for connective tissue diseases.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- The Mediating Effects of Self-Acceptance and Self-Evaluation on Mindfulness and Benefit -Finding in a Sample of Chinese Systemic Lupus Erythematous Patients.Patient preference and adherence · 2025Article
- Depressive symptom as a risk factor for cirrhosis in patients with primary biliary cholangitis: Analysis based on Lasso-logistic regression and decision tree models.Brain and behavior · 2024Article
- Anxiety and Depression and Associated Risk Factors among Outpatients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Eastern Province, Saudi Arabia.Clinics and practice · 2024Article
- One-Year Outcomes for Depression and Anxiety in SLE Patients.Biomedicines · 2024Article
- Article
- Association between Inflammation and Thrombotic Pathway Link with Pathogenesis of Depression and Anxiety in SLE Patients.Biomolecules · 2023Article
- Correlation Analysis Between Disease Activity and Anxiety, Depression, Sleep Disturbance, and Quality of Life in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease.Nature and science of sleep · 2023Article
- Lipidomics Changes in a Murine Model of Neuropsychiatric Lupus.Journal of inflammation research · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundSystemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease that affects multiple systems and increases the risk of mental disorders such as depression and anxiety. We conducted an observational, single-center, cross-sectional study to investigate the relationship between depression, anxiety, and SLE disease activity.
methodsThe Patient Health Questionnaire 9 (PHQ-9) was used to assess depression, and the 7-item Generalized Anxiety Disorders Scale was used to assess anxiety (GAD-7). Using the chi-square/exact Fisher's tests, socio-demographic data, clinical and other characteristics of SLE patients were compared between depression or anxiety and non-depression/non-anxiety groups. To identify optimal levels of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index (SLEDAI) for predicting depression or anxiety, receiver-operator curves (ROC) were drawn.
resultsAmong the 325 patients involved in this study, patients with depression or anxiety had significantly higher SLE activity (p < 0.001), and more frequent musculoskeletal (p < 0.05) and neuropsychiatric symptoms (p < 0.05). Depression and anxiety are more common in the moderate-severe active group than in the inactive-mild active group (depression: OR 3.350, 95%CI 2.015, 5.570, p < 0.001; anxiety: OR 4.085, 95%CI 2.493, 6.692, p < 0.001). The optimal SLEDAI cutoff value of 8.5 predicted depression with a sensitivity of 50.5% and a specificity of 78.4% (AUC 0.660, p < 0.001) and anxiety with a sensitivity of 54.2% and a specificity of 78.4% (AUC 0.684, p < 0.001).
conclusionSLE disease activity is positively associated with the severity of depression and anxiety. Those patients whose SLEDAI scores are greater than 8.5 are more likely to suffer from mental disorders which require additional attention to them.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.