ReviewAnnals of medicine and surgery (2012)2022
The scenario of self-medication practices during the covid-19 pandemic; a systematic review.
Review in Annals of medicine and surgery (2012), 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- A systematic review of self-medication practice during the COVID-19 pandemic: implications for pharmacy practice in supporting public health measures.Frontiers in public health · 2023Pooled it
- Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices Regarding Antibiotic Use and Resistance Among University Students in Mogadishu: A Comparative Cross-Sectional Study.Health science reports · 2026Article
- Self-management of long COVID symptoms with over-the-counter medicines and other non-prescribed therapies: a cross-sectional survey.BMC public health · 2026Article
- A mathematical model examining the role of self-treated individuals in the geographical spread of COVID-19.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Prescription-only medicine requests by clients: Insights from community pharmacies.Exploratory research in clinical and social pharmacy · 2026Article
- Psychological Symptoms and Self-Medication Behavior among COVID-19 Recoverees.Iranian journal of psychiatry · 2025Article
- Analysis of the Use of Over-the-Counter Therapy for the Prevention and Treatment of COVID-19.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025Observational
- The impact of ivermectin on COVID-19 outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2025Article
- A Simulated Client Study on Non-Prescription Antibiotic Sales and Counselling Practices in Iraqi Nurse-Led Clinics: Implications for Antimicrobial Resistance.Infection and drug resistance · 2025Article
- Mapping antibiotic pollution and tracking drivers of environmental AMR in a North Indian pharmaceutical hub.Frontiers in microbiology · 2025Article
- Nutrient Supplements for Young Children and Mothers' Self Medication with Over-the-Counter Drugs During the COVID-19 Pandemic.Nutrients · 2024Article
- Individual use of self-medication and other remedies in COVID-19 outpatients in Western-Pomerania.Scientific reports · 2024Observational
- Patterns of self-medication and intention to seek pharmacist guidance among older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic in Macao: a cross-sectional study.BMC public health · 2024Article
- A qualitative exploration of purchasing, stockpiling, and use of drugs during the COVID-19 pandemic in an urban city of Bangladesh.Public health in practice (Oxford, England) · 2024Article
- Prevalence and Determinants of Self-Medication Practices among Cardiovascular Patients from Béja, North West Tunisia: A Community-Pharmacy-Based Survey.Pharmacy (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- The rise in mortality due to intentional self-poisoning by medicines in Brazil between 2003 and 2022: relationship with regional and global crises.Frontiers in public health · 2024Article
- The magnitude and predictors of self-medication amongst street dwellers in Ethiopia: a multicentre study.Drugs in context · 2024Article
- Self-managing symptoms of Long COVID: an education and strategies research protocol.Frontiers in public health · 2024Article
- Assessing the Reasons and Adverse Effects of Self-Medication in the Context of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Sierra Leone. A Case Study of Moriba Town Section.Risk management and healthcare policy · 2024Article
- Self-medication of adults and children in Poland - results from outpatient health care physicians online questionnaire.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Self-medication association with an ongoing pandemic is evident in the studies conducted throughout the world. To summarize the findings of previous papers, we carried out a systematic review to observe the current scenario of self-medication during COVID-19. Methodology: Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, PubMed, MedRxiv preprints, SciELO Preprints, google, and google scholar were searched using keywords related to the topic. Studies reporting original data and assessing the self-medication practices during Covid-19 were included. Results: A total of 660 papers were collected and 14 cross-sectional studies among them were finalized from 12 different countries after apposite screening processes. Our study measured that during the COVID-19 pandemic, there was a 44.786% prevalence of self-medication. Analgesics, antibiotics, and nutritional supplements were commonly practiced drugs. Pharmacy and hospital outlets were the main sources of the drugs. Fever, sore throat, body ache (muscle pain), and flu or cough were among the most frequently recorded illnesses; treatment and prevention of COVID-19 were the main culprit behind self-medication. During COVID-19, the major factors associated with self-medication were fear, anxiety, and perception regarding COVID-19. Thus, in this pandemic, fear, anxiety, and rumors regarding immunity boosters, nutritional supplements, financial burden, and easy accessibility to even non-OTC drugs; all have their fair share in self-medication practices. Conclusion: As there was heterogeneity regarding COVID-19 and self-medication found among the assessed studies, educating general people about safe self-medication practices, hazards of superfluous drug usage, and provision of an affordable quality-health system should become a priority, especially in low and middle-income countries.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.