ArticleJournal of biomedical optics2022
Non-invasive blood glucose sensing by machine learning of optic fiber-based speckle pattern variation.
Article in Journal of biomedical optics, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed, 17 citations in OpenAlex.
- Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning in Optical Fiber Sensors: A Review.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Optical Multimode Fiber-Based Pipe Leakage Sensor Using Speckle Pattern Analysis.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Noninvasive blood glucose sensing by secondary speckle pattern artificial intelligence analyses.Journal of biomedical optics · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
significanceThe ability to perform frequent non-invasive monitoring of glucose in the bloodstream is very applicable for diabetic patients.
aimWe experimentally verified a non-invasive multimode fiber-based technique for sensing glucose concentration in the bloodstream by extracting and analyzing the collected speckle patterns. APPROACH: The proposed sensor consists of a laser source, digital camera, computer, multimode fiber, and alternating current (AC) generated magnetic field source. The experiments were performed using a covered (with cladding and jacket) and uncovered (without cladding and jacket) multimode fiber touching the skin under a magnetic field and without it. The subject's finger was placed on a fiber to detect the glucose concentration. The method tracks variations in the speckle patterns due to light interaction with the bloodstream affected by blood glucose.
resultsThe uncovered fiber placed above the finger under the AC magnetic field (150 G) at 140 Hz was found to have a lock-in amplification role, improving the glucose detection precision. The application of the machine learning algorithms in preprocessed speckle pattern data increase glucose measurement accuracy. Classification of the speckle patterns for uncovered fiber under the AC magnetic field allowed for detection of the blood glucose with high accuracy for all tested subjects compared with other tested configurations.
conclusionsThe proposed technique was theoretically analyzed and experimentally validated in this work. The results were verified by the traditional finger-prick method, which was also used for classification as a conventional reference marker of blood glucose levels. The main goal of the proposed technique was to develop a non-invasive, low-cost blood glucose sensor for easy use by humans.
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