ArticleBMC genomics2022
Comprehensive analysis of key genes and pathways for biological and clinical implications in thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy.
Article in BMC genomics, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 17 citations in OpenAlex.
- Machine learning unveils hypoxia-immune gene hub for clinical stratification of thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Disproportionality analysis and risk factor assessment of drug-associated thyroid dysfunction adverse events: a study based on the FAERS database.Endocrine connections · 2025Article
- Identification of key extracellular proteins as the potential biomarkers in thyroid eye disease.PloS one · 2025Article
- Psychological aspects of Graves' ophthalmopathy.Endocrine connections · 2024Review
- A comprehensive epigenetic network can influence the occurrence of thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy by affecting immune and inflammatory response.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Identification and verification of the optimal feature genes of ferroptosis in thyroid-associated orbitopathy.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- The serum concentration and activity of DPP4 is positively related with the severity of hyperthyroidism in patients with Graves' disease.Annals of medicine · 2023Article
- Identification of a diagnostic model and molecular subtypes of major depressive disorder based on endoplasmic reticulum stress-related genes.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2023Article
- Silver Nanoparticles Cause Neural and Vascular Disruption by Affecting Key Neuroactive Ligand-Receptor Interaction and VEGF Signaling Pathways.International journal of nanomedicine · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThyroid-associated ophthalmopathy (TAO) is a common and organ-specific autoimmune disease. Early diagnosis and novel treatments are essential to improve the prognosis of TAO patients. Therefore, the current work was performed to identify the key genes and pathways for the biological and clinical implications of TAO through comprehensive bioinformatics analysis and a series of clinical validations.
methodsGSE105149 and GSE185952 were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database for analysis. The data were normalized to identify the common differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the two datasets, and the Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses were conducted to assess key pathways in TAO. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks and hub genes among the common DEGs were identified. Furthermore, we collected the general information and blood samples from 50 TAO patients and 20 healthy controls (HCs), and the expression levels of the proteins encoded by hub genes in serum were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Then we further assessed the relationship between the ELISA data and the TAO development.
resultsSeveral common pathways, including neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction, the IL-17 signaling pathway, and the TNF signaling pathway, were identified in both datasets. In parallel, 52 common DEGs were identified. The KEGG analysis showed that these common DEGs are mainly enriched in long-term depression, the VEGF signaling pathway, the IL-17 signaling pathway, the TNF signaling pathway, and cytokine-cytokine receptor interactions. The key hub genes PRKCG, OSM, DPP4, LRRTM1, CXCL6, and CSF3R were screened out through the PPI network. As confirmation, the ELISA results indicated that protein expression levels of PRKCG, OSM, CSF3R, and DPP4 were significantly upregulated in TAO patients compared with HCs. In addition, PRKCG and DPP4 were verified to show value in diagnosing TAO, and CSF3R was found to be a valuable diagnostic marker in distinguishing active TAO from inactive TAO.
conclusionsInflammation- and neuromodulation-related pathways might be closely associated with TAO. Based on the clinical verification, OSM, CSF3R, CXCL6, DPP4, and PRKCG may serve as inflammation- or neuromodulation-related biomarkers for TAO, providing novel insights for the diagnosis and treatment of TAO.
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