ArticleJournal of evolutionary biology2022
New insights into Xenopus sex chromosome genomics from the Marsabit clawed frog X. borealis.
Article in Journal of evolutionary biology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 16 citations in OpenAlex.
- Persistence of an unusual triple sex chromosome system through allopolyploidization in African clawed frogs (Xenopus, subgenus Silurana).Evolution; international journal of organic evolution · 2026Article
- Extreme heterochiasmy and high rates of sex-reversed recombination result in large yet homomorphic sex chromosomes in the Emei moustache toad.Genome research · 2025Article
- The fourspine stickleback (Apeltes quadracus) has an XY sex chromosome system with polymorphic inversions on both X and Y chromosomes.PLoS genetics · 2025Article
- FISH mapping in Xenopus pygmaeus refines understanding of genomic rearrangements and reveals jumping NORs in African clawed frogs.Heredity · 2025Article
- Rapid Sex Chromosome Turnover in African Clawed Frogs (Xenopus) and the Origins of New Sex Chromosomes.Molecular biology and evolution · 2024Article
- Repeat-Rich Regions Cause False-Positive Detection of NUMTs: A Case Study in Amphibians Using an Improved Cane Toad Reference Genome.Genome biology and evolution · 2024Article
- A candidate sex determination locus in amphibians which evolved by structural variation between X- and Y-chromosomes.Nature communications · 2024Article
- A Detailed Karyological Investigation of three Endemic Cobitis Linnaeus, 1758 Species (Teleostei, Cobitidae) in Anatolia, Türkiye.Cytogenetic and genome research · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 4 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
Abstract
In many groups, sex chromosomes change frequently but the drivers of their rapid evolution are varied and often poorly characterized. With an aim of further understanding sex chromosome turnover, we investigated the polymorphic sex chromosomes of the Marsabit clawed frog, Xenopus borealis, using genomic data and a new chromosome-scale genome assembly. We confirmed previous findings that 54.1 Mb of chromosome 8L is sex-linked in animals from east Kenya and a laboratory strain, but most (or all) of this region is not sex-linked in natural populations from west Kenya. Previous work suggests possible degeneration of the Z chromosomes in the east population because many sex-linked transcripts of this female heterogametic population have female-biased expression, and we therefore expected this chromosome to not be present in the west population. In contrast, our simulations support a model where most or all of the sex-linked portion of the Z chromosome from the east acquired autosomal segregation in the west, and where much genetic variation specific to the large sex-linked portion of the W chromosome from the east is not present in the west. These recent changes are consistent with the hot-potato model, wherein sex chromosome turnover is favoured by natural selection if it purges a (minimally) degenerate sex-specific sex chromosome, but counterintuitively suggest natural selection failed to purge a Z chromosome that has signs of more advanced and possibly more ancient regulatory degeneration. These findings highlight complex evolutionary dynamics of young, rapidly evolving Xenopus sex chromosomes and set the stage for mechanistic work aimed at pinpointing additional sex-determining genes in this group.
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