Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36053611›Full record

ArticleBMJ paediatrics open2022

Mental health of children with and without special healthcare needs and of their caregivers during COVID-19: a cross-sectional study.

Anne Geweniger, Anneke Haddad, Michael Barth, Henriette Högl, Annette Mund, Shrabon Insan, Thorsten Langer

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMJ paediatrics open, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
11citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

11 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. ABA-based teacher training reduces emotional and behavioral problems in Brazilian children.Psicologia, reflexao e critica : revista semestral do Departamento de Psicologia da UFRGS · 2026
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Anne GewenigerDepartment of Neuropediatrics and Muscle Disease, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany anne.geweniger@uniklinik-freiburg.de.ORCID 0000-0003-0615-1531
Anneke HaddadDepartment of General Pediatrics, Adolescent Medicine and Neonatology, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
Michael BarthDepartment of General Pediatrics, Adolescent Medicine and Neonatology, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
Henriette HöglKindernetzwerk eV, Mainaschaff, Germany.
Annette MundKindernetzwerk eV, Mainaschaff, Germany.
Shrabon InsanDepartment of Neuropediatrics and Muscle Disease, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
Thorsten LangerDepartment of Neuropediatrics and Muscle Disease, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveTo describe mental health outcomes and measures of pandemic burden of children with and without special healthcare needs, and their caregivers following the second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in Germany.

designThis is the second of a sequential series of cross-sectional online surveys conducted among caregivers of children ≤18 years since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, administrated between 2 April 2021 and 31 July 2021.

main outcome measuresChild and parental mental health were assessed using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire and WHO-5 Well-being index. Children with Special Healthcare Needs (CSHCN) were identified using the CSHCN-Screener. Descriptive statistics, linear and hierarchical logistic regression modelling assessed associations between parent-reported child mental health problems and measures of pandemic burden, disease complexity, caregiver mental well-being and socioeconomic status.

results521 participants were included in the final sample. There was a high prevalence of parent-reported mental health problems in n=302 (66.7%) children, particularly in CSHCN. Among caregivers, n=372 (72.5%) screened positive for depression. Logistic regression modelling showed a strong association of child mental health problems and disease complexity, parental mental well-being, increase in family conflict and inadequate social support.

conclusionsOur study identifies CSHCN as a particularly vulnerable group in terms of mental health outcomes. Psychosocial factors were important predictors of parent-reported child mental health problems. Policy measures should consider the importance of social support systems for vulnerable children and their families, and aim to provide accessible mental health support for caregivers.

Indexed as

Children with DisabilitiesCOVID-19CaregiversChildCross-Sectional StudiesHealth Services AccessibilityHumansMental HealthPandemicsadolescent healthCOVID-19

Identifiers

PMID36053611
PMCPMC9247324

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.