Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36052889›Full record

Trial reportEuropean journal of physical and rehabilitation medicine2022

Action observation and motor imagery have no effect on balance and freezing of gait in Parkinson's disease: a randomized controlled trial.

Paula T Bezerra, Lorenna M Santiago, Isaíra A Silva, Aline A Souza, Camila L Pegado, Clécia M Damascena, Tatiana S Ribeiro, Ana R Lindquist

Registry-linked trialOpen access · diamondAbstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in European journal of physical and rehabilitation medicine, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04788693 (Effects of Gait Rehabilitation With Motor Imagery in People With Parkinson's Disease), which is not on this map. Cited by 10 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
10citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
3.8field-weighted citation impact, top 7% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT04788693 nanot yet recruitingnot on this mapstarted 2025, after this paper: background citation

Effects of Gait Rehabilitation With Motor Imagery in People With Parkinson's Disease

TypeinterventionalSponsorUniversity of ValenciaRan2025 to 2026Enrolled74ConditionsParkinson DiseaseArmsPhysical rehabilitation of gait with motor imagery, Physical rehabilitation of gait without motor imagery
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

10 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 17 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Trial
  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Paula T BezerraDepartment of Physical Therapy, Rio Grande do Norte Federal University, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil.
Lorenna M SantiagoDepartment of Physical Therapy, Rio Grande do Norte Federal University, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil.
Isaíra A SilvaDepartment of Physical Therapy, Rio Grande do Norte Federal University, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil.
Aline A SouzaDepartment of Physical Therapy, Rio Grande do Norte Federal University, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil.
Camila L PegadoDepartment of Physical Therapy, Rio Grande do Norte Federal University, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil.
Clécia M DamascenaUniversity of Estácio do Rio Grande do Norte (Fatern), Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil.
Tatiana S RibeiroDepartment of Physical Therapy, Rio Grande do Norte Federal University, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil.
Ana R LindquistDepartment of Physical Therapy, Rio Grande do Norte Federal University, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil - raquel.lindquist@ufrn.br.
Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte · BRUniversidade do Estado do Rio Grande do Norte · BR

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundCombining action observation (AO) and motor imagery (MI) training may induce greater brain activity in areas usually involved in Parkinson's disease (PD) and lead to greater behavioral and neurophysiological effects than when used separately.

aimTo determine the effects of combining AO, MI, and gait training on balance and freezing of gait in individuals with PD.

designThis is a single-blinded, randomized controlled clinical trial.

settingLaboratory of Intervention and Analysis of Movement (LIAM) from the Department of Physical Therapy of a Brazilian University. POPULATION: Study sample consisted of individuals diagnosed with idiopathic PD by a neurologist specialized in movement disorders.

methods39 individuals with PD were divided into experimental (EG=21) and control groups (CG=18). EG performed 12 sessions of AO, MI, and gait training, whereas CG watched PD-related educational videos and performed 12 sessions of gait training. Balance (measured using the Mini Balance Evaluation Systems Test [MiniBESTest]) and freezing of gait (measured using the Freezing of Gait Questionnaire) were reassessed one day after the end of the intervention.

resultsWe did not observe significant intra- and intergroup differences in freezing of gait. For the EG, we observed a significant intragroup difference in the total score of MiniBESTest (F=5.2; P=0.02), and sensory orientation (F=4.5; P=0.04) and dynamic gait (F=3.6; P=0.03) domains. MiniBESTest domains were not different between groups.

conclusionsCombining AO, MI, and gait training was not more effective than isolated gait training for balance and freezing of gait in individuals with PD. CLINICAL REHABILITATION IMPACT: MI training can moderate AO effects and enhance motor learning when both therapies are combined. Therefore, this approach may still have the potential to be included in the treatment of PD. New studies should investigate whether the factors that influence these results are related to the protocol's sensitivity in changing the evaluated parameters or to the time and intensity of AO and MI training.

Indexed as

Gait Disorders, NeurologicParkinson DiseaseExercise TherapyGaitHumansImagery, PsychotherapyPostural Balance

Identifiers

PMID36052889
PMCPMC10019482
OpenAlexW4294243267

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.