Task-based training to prevent surgical site infection: A formative evaluation.

Background: Lack of evidence-based training constitutes a serious impediment to preventing surgical site infections in low-middle income countries (LMIC). The purpose of this study was to design and implement an infection prevention training programme and investigate how it might work in an LMIC. Intended for healthcare professionals working in operating rooms, the programme was based on current instructional design principles of interprofessional, task-based learning. The second aim was to carry out a formative evaluation exploring participants' and facilitators' perceptions and experiences of the training. Methods: In undertaking this design-based research, we used a mixed-methods approach. The four session training was attended by anaesthesia and surgical trainees, registered nurses, technologists and included a video showing best practices, role plays, and peer-group reflection. We evaluated the programme through questionnaires, focus-group interviews with participants, written reflections by participants, and individual interviews with facilitators. Quantitative analysis was complemented by thematic analysis of focus-group and interview transcripts, reflections, and observer notes. Results: Our analysis revealed that participants had positive attitudes towards the training. They felt they had learned a lot from each other and the facilitators offered them the opportunity to interact with each other. Trainees especially valued the video presentation as it inspired them to revise old concepts and presented an excellent practical example of infection prevention in their specific setting. Conclusion: The training seemed to bridge the gap between knowledge and practice. However, direct observation of procedural skills and peer feedback could further reduce the gap, by enhancing the transfer of knowledge to practice.