ArticlePhotonics2021
Metabolic Signaling in a Theoretical Model of the Human Retinal Microcirculation.
Article in Photonics, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 9 citations in OpenAlex.
- Impact of Vascular Network Structure Heterogeneity on Retinal Tissue Oxygenation.La matematica · 2025Article
- Retinal Venous Vulnerability in Primary Open Angle Glaucoma: The Combined Effects of Intraocular Pressure and Blood Pressure with Application to the Thessaloniki Eye Study.La matematica · 2025Article
- Using a Theoretical Model to Assess the Impact of Vascular Risk Factors on Autoregulation in the Retina.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2025Article
- Predicting the impact of retinal vessel density on retinal vessel and tissue oxygenation using a theoretical model.Mathematical biosciences · 2024Article
- Metabolic blood flow regulation in a hybrid model of the human retinal microcirculation.Mathematical biosciences · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Impaired blood flow and oxygenation contribute to many ocular pathologies, including glaucoma. Here, a mathematical model is presented that combines an image-based heterogeneous representation of retinal arterioles with a compartmental description of capillaries and venules. The arteriolar model of the human retina is extrapolated from a previous mouse model based on confocal microscopy images. Every terminal arteriole is connected in series to compartments for capillaries and venules, yielding a hybrid model for predicting blood flow and oxygenation throughout the retinal microcirculation. A metabolic wall signal is calculated in each vessel according to blood and tissue oxygen levels. As expected, a higher average metabolic signal is generated in pathways with a lower average oxygen level. The model also predicts a wide range of metabolic signals dependent on oxygen levels and specific network location. For example, for high oxygen demand, a threefold range in metabolic signal is predicted despite nearly identical PO2 levels. This whole-network approach, including a spatially nonuniform structure, is needed to describe the metabolic status of the retina. This model provides the geometric and hemodynamic framework necessary to predict ocular blood flow regulation and will ultimately facilitate early detection and treatment of ischemic and metabolic disorders of the eye.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.