Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36051998›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in public health2022

The Global Burden of Diseases attributed to high low-density lipoprotein cholesterol from 1990 to 2019.

Jia Zheng, Jing Wang, Yan Zhang, Jiangliu Xia, Huilan Guo, Haiying Hu, Pengfei Shan, Tianlang Li

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in public health, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
25citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

25 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Jia ZhengDepartment of Medical Geriatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
Jing WangDepartment of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
Yan ZhangDepartment of Medical Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
Jiangliu XiaDepartment of Medical Geriatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
Huilan GuoDepartment of Clinical Nutrition, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
Haiying HuDepartment of Clinical Nutrition, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
Pengfei ShanDepartment of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
Tianlang LiDepartment of Medical Geriatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: To demonstrate the real-word situation of burdens that are attributed to the risk factor of high low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) at the global, regional, national levels, among different age groups and between genders. Methods: We analyzed data from the Global Burden of Disease study 2019 related to global deaths, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), summary exposure value (SEV), average annual percentage change (AAPC), and observed to expected ratios (O/E ratios) attributable to high LDL-C from 1990 to 2019. Results: Globally, in 2019, the total numbers of deaths and DALYs attributed to high LDL cholesterol were 1.47 and 1.41 times higher than that in 1990. The age-standardized deaths and DALYs rate was 1.45 and 1.70 times in males compared to females, while the age-standardized SEVs rate was 1.10 times in females compared to males. The deaths, DALYs, and SEV rates increased with age. In 2019, the highest age-standardized rates of both deaths and DALYs occurred in Eastern Europe while the lowest occurred in high-income Asia Pacific. High-income North America experienced a dramatic reduction of risk related to high LDL-C. Correlation analysis identified that the age-standardized SEV rate was positively correlated with Socio-demographic Index (SDI; Conclusion: High LDL-C contributed considerably to health burden worldwide. Males suffered worse health outcomes attributed to high LDL-C when compared to females. The burden attributed to high LDL-C increased with age. Lower SDI regions and countries experienced more health problem challenges attributed to high LDL-C as the result of social development and this should be reflected in policymaking.

Indexed as

CholesterolGlobal Burden of DiseaseCholesterol, HDLCholesterol, LDLFemaleHumansMaleQuality-Adjusted Life YearsCholesterolCholesterol, HDLCholesterol, LDLcardiovascular diseasecholesteroldisability-adjusted life yearsGlobal Burden of Diseaselow-density lipoproteins

Identifiers

PMID36051998
PMCPMC9424500

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.