ArticleCritical care explorations2022
Psychological Attachment Orientation and Long-Term Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms Among Family Members of ICU Patients.
Article in Critical care explorations, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 3 citations in OpenAlex.
- Post-Intensive Care Syndrome in Family: A Concept Analysis.Scandinavian journal of caring sciences · 2025Pooled it
- The Validity and Reliability of a Japanese Version of the Family Satisfaction in the Intensive Care Unit Survey: Multicenter Study.JMA journal · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
To determine the degree to which an ICU patient's family member having an "anxious" psychologic attachment orientation is a risk factor for developing long-term posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms following patient ICU discharge or death.
designProspective cohort study.
settingSingle academic neuroscience ICU from November 2017 to September 2020.
participantsConsecutively enrolled sample of family members, one for each ICU patient with a minimum length of stay of 24 hours.
interventionsNone. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN
resultsNear time of ICU discharge or patient death, we determined each participant's psychologic attachment orientation as anxious versus nonanxious via a brief standard survey tool, the Relationship Questionnaire, and measured other participant and patient characteristics as potential covariates. Six months after discharge or death, each participant completed the Impact of Events Scale-Revised (IES-R) to measure PTSD symptoms, with a score of greater than 24 indicative of clinically significant symptoms. Among 162 total participants, 10 of 27 participants (37.0%) with an anxious attachment orientation reported 6-month PTSD symptoms, compared with 24 of 135 nonanxious participants (17.8%) (relative risk, 2.08; 95% CI, 1.13-3.84;
conclusionsAn anxious psychologic attachment orientation is associated with double the risk of long-term PTSD symptoms among family members of ICU patients. Future interventions designed to decrease risk of adverse psychologic outcomes among ICU families could be initially tested for efficacy amongst those who fall into this high-risk category.
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Registered trials
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