Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36050648›Full record

ArticleBMC infectious diseases2022

Low prevalence of hepatitis B virus infection in HIV-uninfected pregnant women in Cape Town, South Africa: implications for oral pre-exposure prophylaxis roll out.

Dvora Joseph Davey, Nei-Yuan Hsiao, C Wendy Spearman, Mark Sonderup, Nai-Chung Hu, Nyiko Mashele, Rufaro Mvududu, Landon Myer

Registry-linked trialOpen access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in BMC infectious diseases, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03902418 (Evaluation of Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis), which is not on this map. Cited by 7 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
7citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
1.2field-weighted citation impact, top 20% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT03902418 completednot on this map

Evaluation of Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) Initiation, Retention, and Adherence in Pregnant and Breastfeeding Women

TypeobservationalSponsorUniversity of California, Los AngelesRan2019 to 2024Enrolled1,195ConditionsHIV-I InfectionArmsemtricitabine/tenofovir
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

7 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 12 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.

Dvora Joseph DaveyDepartment of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California Los Angeles, 615 E Charles Young Drive S, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA. djosephdavey@mednet.ucla.edu.
Nei-Yuan HsiaoDivision of Medical Virology, Department of Pathology, University of Cape Town and National Health Laboratory Service, Cape Town, South Africa.
C Wendy SpearmanDivision of Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
Mark SonderupDivision of Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
Nai-Chung HuDivision of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
Nyiko MasheleDivision of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
Rufaro MvududuDivision of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
Landon MyerDivision of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
University of Cape Town · ZAUniversity of California, Los Angeles · US

Funding

Influence of HIV infection on vaginal virome and risk of preterm birth in pregnant South African womenR01HD106821 · NICHD · SEATTLE CHILDREN'S HOSPITAL · PI JASPAN, HEATHER BERYL · 2021 to 2025
$3.9M
Evaluating the PrEP cascade in HIV-negative pregnant and breastfeeding women in South Africa (PrEP-PP)R01MH116771 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES · PI JOSEPH DAVEY, DVORA LEAH, MYER, BENJAMIN LANDON · 2018 to 2022
$2.5M
Evaluation of pre-exposure prophylaxis cascade in pregnant and breastfeeding women in Cape Town, South AfricaK01TW011187 · FIC · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES · PI JOSEPH DAVEY, DVORA LEAH · 2018 to 2022
$698k
FIC NIH HHS K01 TW011187FIC NIH HHS K01TW011187National Institute of Child Health and Human Development 1R01HD106821NICHD NIH HHS R01 HD106821NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH116771NIMH NIH HHS R01MH116771
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundOral daily preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) using emtricitabine (FTC)/tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) is recommended as standard of care for prevention in individuals at high risk for HIV infection, including pregnant and postpartum cisgender women. FTC/TDF is also active against hepatitis B virus (HBV); however, concern has been raised that providing PrEP to individuals infected with HBV could lead to hepatitis flares and liver injury, especially in the setting of suboptimal PrEP use.

methodsWe conducted a cross-sectional analysis of baseline data from the PrEP in pregnant and postpartum women (PrEP-PP) cohort study from February 2020-March 2022 in one antenatal care clinic in Cape Town, South Africa (SA) to evaluate: (1) the field performance of a point of care test (POCT) (Determine II, Abbott Inc., Japan) for diagnosis of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) in a maternity setting, (2) the prevalence of HBV in a cohort of pregnant women not living with HIV.

resultsWe enrolled 1194 HIV sero-negative pregnant women at their first antenatal visit. Median age was 26 years (IQR = 22-31 years); 52% were born before 1995 (before universal HBV vaccination had started in South Africa). Median gestational age was 22 weeks (IQR = 16-30 weeks). There were 8 POCT and laboratory confirmed HBV cases among 1194 women. The overall prevalence of 0.67% (95% CI = 0.34-1.32%). In women born before 1995, 8 of 622 women were diagnosed with HBsAg; the prevalence was 1.29% (95% CI = 0.65-2.52%), and in women born in 1995 or after (n = 572); the prevalence was 0% (95% CI = 0.0-0.67%). We confirmed the test results in 99.8% of the rapid HBsAg (Determine II). Sensitivity was 100% (95% CI = 68-100%). Specificity was 100% (95% CI = 99.67-100%).

conclusionThe prevalence of HBV was very low in pregnant women not living with HIV and was only in women born before the HBV vaccine was included in the Expanded Program of Immunization. The Determine II POCT HBsAg showed excellent performance against the laboratory assay. HBV screening should not be a barrier to starting PrEP in the context of high HIV risk communities.

Indexed as

Hepatitis BHIV InfectionsPre-Exposure ProphylaxisAdultCohort StudiesCross-Sectional StudiesEmtricitabineFemaleHepatitis B Surface AntigensHepatitis B virusHumansInfantPregnancyPregnant PeoplePrevalenceSouth AfricaEmtricitabineHepatitis B Surface AntigensTenofovirHepatitis BHIVPre-exposure prophylaxisPregnant

Identifiers

PMID36050648
PMCPMC9438249
OpenAlexW4294012070

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.