ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2022
SARS-CoV-2 requires acidic pH to infect cells.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It carries an expression of concern. Cited by 64 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
64 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Alkalinization Using Sodium Bicarbonate for COVID-19 Treatment: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Journal of evidence-based integrative medicinePooled it
- Targeted IL-27-based gene therapy in preventing SARS-CoV-2 entry.Molecular biology reports · 2026Article
- TMPRSS2-induced Golgi disruption restricts the incorporation of virus envelope glycoproteins into virions.EMBO reports · 2026Article
- 3D Single-Virus Tracking: Advances in Methodology and Labeling Strategies Towards Probing the Virus-Epithelium Interaction.Viruses · 2026Review
- A novel fusion protein of COVID-19 virus enhancing protection of Syrian hamsters infected with SARS-CoV-2.Acta pharmaceutica Sinica. B · 2026Article
- Serine protease-driven entry and S2 ' cleavage flexibility of feline coronavirus during feline enterocyte infections.PLoS pathogens · 2026Article
- Development of an inactivated viral transport medium for diagnostic testing in low-resource countries.Narra J · 2025Article
- Direct interaction of HMGB1 with SARS-CoV-2 facilitates its infection via RAGE-dependent endocytosis.iScience · 2025Article
- Transcriptional Analysis ofInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Distinctive Features of Extracellular Vesicles Present in the Gastric Juice of Patients with Gastric Cancer and Healthy Subjects.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Capture of fusion-intermediate conformations of SARS-CoV-2 spike requires receptor binding and cleavage at either the S1/S2 or S2' site.PLoS pathogens · 2025Article
- Balancing stability and function: impact of the surface charge of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron spike protein.Npj viruses · 2025Review
- The effects of urine alkalinization on kidney function in critically ill patients with COVID-19: a proof-of-concept randomized clinical trial.Intensive care medicine experimental · 2025Article
- Characterization of spike S1/S2 processing and entry pathways of lentiviral pseudoviruses bearing seasonal human coronaviruses NL63, 229E, and HKU1 spikes.Microbiology spectrum · 2025Article
- Article
- Autophagy-enhancing strategies to promote intestinal viral resistance and mucosal barrier function in SARS-CoV-2 infection.Autophagy reports · 2025Article
- The recurrent Spike A222V mutation in SARS-CoV-2 enhances replication in primary deer lung cells.Virus evolution · 2025Article
- The inactivation of the Niemann Pick C1 cholesterol transporter restricts SARS-CoV-2 entry into host cells by decreasing ACE2 abundance at the plasma membrane.Cell & bioscience · 2024Article
- Exploring the influence of anionic lipids in the host cell membrane on viral fusion.Biochemical Society transactions · 2024Review
- Conformational dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron spike trimers during fusion activation at single molecule resolution.Structure (London, England : 1993) · 2024Article
4 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Expression of concern
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Authors and funding
21 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) cell entry starts with membrane attachment and ends with spike (S) protein-catalyzed membrane fusion depending on two cleavage steps, namely, one usually by furin in producing cells and the second by TMPRSS2 on target cells. Endosomal cathepsins can carry out both. Using real-time three-dimensional single-virion tracking, we show that fusion and genome penetration require virion exposure to an acidic milieu of pH 6.2 to 6.8, even when furin and TMPRSS2 cleavages have occurred. We detect the sequential steps of S1-fragment dissociation, fusion, and content release from the cell surface in TMPRRS2-overexpressing cells only when exposed to acidic pH. We define a key role of an acidic environment for successful infection, found in endosomal compartments and at the surface of TMPRSS2-expressing cells in the acidic milieu of the nasal cavity.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.