ArticlePloS one2022
Vortex vein congestion in the monkey eye: A possible animal model of pachychoroid.
Article in PloS one, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
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Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 25 citations in OpenAlex.
- Automated Regional Detection of Intervortex Venous Anastomosis on Ultra-Widefield Indocyanine Green Angiography Using a Two-Stage Deep Learning Framework.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
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- Article
- Choroidal vascular biomarkers for macular neovascularization in chronic central serous chorioretinopathy: insights from widefield indocyanine green angiography.Eye and vision (London, England) · 2026Article
- Association between Choroidal Vascular Hyperpermeability and Vortex Vein Anastomoses in Central Serous Chorioretinopathy.Ophthalmology science · 2026Article
- Idiopathic unilateral vortex vein dilation: a multimodal imaging case report.BMC ophthalmology · 2025Article
- Article
- Pachychoroid disease: review and update.Eye (London, England) · 2025Review
- Structural changes in vortex vein ampullae in eyes with pachychoroid-spectrum disorder.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Asymmetric choroidal vascular pattern in tilted disc syndrome.Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie · 2025Article
- Wide-Field Choroidal Thickness Analysis after Half-Fluence Photodynamic Therapy Combined with Intravitreal Aflibercept Injection in Pachychoroid Neovasculopathy.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- Acute and continuous exposure of airborne fine particulate matter (PMParticle and fibre toxicology · 2023Article
- Relationship between pulsation of posterior vortex vein, choroidal thickness, and choroidal vascular hyperpermeability in polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy.Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie · 2023Article
- Attenuation of irradiated choroid and its regional vortex veins in central serous chorioretinopathy after photodynamic therapy.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Intervortex Venous Anastomosis in the Macula in Central Serous Chorioretinopathy Imaged by En Face Optical Coherence Tomography.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Article
- Quadrant laser photocoagulation trial to ameliorate choroidal congestion in central serous chorioretinopathy.Japanese journal of ophthalmology · 2023Article
- Inversion of Asymmetric Vortex Vein Dilatation in Pachychoroid Spectrum Diseases.Ophthalmology scienceArticle
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeTo create vortex vein congestion in the monkey eye as a possible pachychoroid model.
methodsWe ligated superotemporal and inferotemporal vortex veins at the surface of the sclera in monkey eyes. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) and indocyanine green angiography (ICGA) were performed before and 2, 7, and 28 days after the vortex vein ligations to investigate changes in vortex vein morphology and alterations in choroidal blood flow.
resultsBefore the vortex vein ligations, en face OCT and ICGA images showed well organized vortex veins as well as horizontal and vertical watershed zones. Two days after the vortex vein ligations, dilatation of the superotemporal and inferotemporal vortex veins as well as intervortex venous anastomoses were seen on en face OCT and ICGA images. B-mode OCT images showed choroidal thickening associated with dilatation of the outer choroidal vessels. Moreover, video ICGA revealed choriocapillaris filling delay and pulsatile flow in the dilated vortex veins. At 7 and 28 days after we ligated the vortex veins, these findings were reduced, except for the intervortex venous anastomoses.
conclusionsWe created a monkey model of vortex vein congestion by ligating two vortex veins. This animal model demonstrated pachychoroid-related findings, indicating that vortex vein congestion is involved in the pathogenesis of pachychoroid. However, remodeling of the choroidal drainage route via intervortex venous anastomosis appeared to compensate for the vortex vein congestion created in this model.
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