ArticleMolecular neurobiology2022
Tumor Microenvironment and Immune Escape in the Time Course of Glioblastoma.
Article in Molecular neurobiology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 28 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Three Pillars of Glioblastoma: A Systematic Review and Novel Analysis of Multi-Omics and Clinical Data.Cells · 2024Pooled it
- The entanglement of extracellular matrix molecules and immune checkpoint inhibitors in cancer: a systematic review of the literature.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Pooled it
- Platelet-to-Albumin Ratio and Clinical Outcomes in IDH-Wildtype Grade 4 Diffuse Glioma.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Unlocking the mind: brain mapping for the exploratory quest of functional and cognitive networks in awake neurosurgery.Neurosurgical review · 2026Article
- Decoding ferroptosis and apoptosis crosstalk in glioblastoma: molecular mechanisms, microenvironmental regulation, and therapeutic advances.Molecular biology reports · 2026Review
- The Neuroimmune Axis in Gastric Cancer: Bridging Neural Regulation, Tumor Microenvironment, and Immunotherapy.Oncology research · 2026Review
- PLX3397 attenuated tumor growth and remodeled tumor microenvironment of recurrent glioblastoma.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- The HALLMOUNT Score: Development of a Novel Multidimensional Prognostic Model for Solid Tumors, with Initial Clinical Application in Grade 4 Adult-Type Diffuse Gliomas.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025Article
- Microglial Inflammatory Response in the Glioblastoma Microenvironment in Preclinical Models.Molecular neurobiology · 2025Article
- 3D Brain Vascular Niche Model Captures Glioblastoma Infiltration, Dormancy, and Gene Signatures.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- Bioresponsive Hyaluronic Acid-Based Hydrogel Inhibits Matrix Metalloproteinase-2 in Glioblastoma Microenvironment.ChemMedChem · 2025Article
- Quantitative evaluation of neuroradiological and morphometric alteration of inferior Fronto-Occipital Fascicle across different brain tumor histotype: an Italian multicentric study.Acta neurochirurgica · 2025Article
- Clinicopathological Parameters and Immunohistochemical Profiles in Correlation with MRI Characteristics in Glioblastomas.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Tailoring glioblastoma treatment based on longitudinal analysis of post-surgical tumor microenvironment.Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR · 2024Article
- Pulsed focused ultrasound alters the proteomic profile of the tumor microenvironment in a syngeneic mouse model of glioblastoma.Journal of neuro-oncology · 2024Article
- Remote Neuroinflammation in Newly Diagnosed Glioblastoma Correlates with Unfavorable Clinical Outcome.Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research · 2024Article
- Extracellular Matrix Structure and Interaction with Immune Cells in Adult Astrocytic Tumors.Cellular and molecular neurobiology · 2024Review
- The Interplay between Glioblastoma Cells and Tumor Microenvironment: New Perspectives for Early Diagnosis and Targeted Cancer Therapy.Brain sciences · 2024Review
- Tumor-associated macrophage-related strategies for glioma immunotherapy.NPJ precision oncology · 2023Review
- A novel risk model based on anoikis: Predicting prognosis and immune infiltration in cutaneous melanoma.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most aggressive primary brain tumor with a malignant prognosis. GBM is characterized by high cellular heterogeneity and its progression relies on the interaction with the central nervous system, which ensures the immune-escape and tumor promotion. This interplay induces metabolic, (epi)-genetic and molecular rewiring in both domains. In the present study, we aim to characterize the time-related changes in the GBM landscape, using a syngeneic mouse model of primary GBM. GL261 glioma cells were injected in the right striatum of immuno-competent C57Bl/6 mice and animals were sacrificed after 7, 14, and 21 days (7D, 14D, 21D). The tumor development was assessed through 3D tomographic imaging and brains were processed for immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence, and western blotting. A human transcriptomic database was inquired to support the translational value of the experimental data. Our results showed the dynamic of the tumor progression, being established as a bulk at 14D and surrounded by a dense scar of reactive astrocytes. The GBM growth was paralleled by the impairment in the microglial/macrophagic recruitment and antigen-presenting functions, while the invasive phase was characterized by changes in the extracellular matrix, as shown by the analysis of tenascin C and metalloproteinase-9. The present study emphasizes the role of the molecular changes in the microenvironment during the GBM progression, fostering the development of novel multi-targeted, time-dependent therapies in an experimental model similar to the human disease.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.