ReviewRenal failure2022
Reevaluation of lock solutions for Central venous catheters in hemodialysis: a narrative review.
Review in Renal failure, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 32 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Infection Prevention and Control Practices Among United States Hemodialysis Facilities.Kidney international reports · 2026Article
- Nitric Oxide-Releasing Thixotropic Hydrogels as Antibacterial and Hemocompatible Catheter Locks.ACS biomaterials science & engineering · 2026Article
- Comprehensive management of hemodialysis catheter-related bloodstream infections: a narrative review.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Review
- Sodium bicarbonate combined with urokinase for the prevention and management of hemodialysis central venous catheter dysfunction.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Article
- Renal replacement therapy in intensive care unit: a narrative review.Annals of intensive care · 2026Review
- Identification and Characterization of aInfection and drug resistance · 2026Article
- The fungal stronghold: biofilms in hemodialysis catheters, diagnostic pitfalls, and the challenge of catheter salvage.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Review
- The current status and evolution of hemodialysis catheters.Renal failure · 2025Review
- Evaluating tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) in dialysis catheter dysfunction: A focus on fibrin sheath and risk factors.American heart journal plus : cardiology research and practice · 2025Article
- Antimicrobial Effect of Gentamicin/Heparin and Gentamicin/Citrate Lock Solutions onInfectious disease reports · 2025Article
- Efficacy of heparin-vancomycin-amikacin combination lock in preventing catheter-related infections in haemodialysis patients: a double-blind randomized clinical trial.Infection prevention in practice · 2025Article
- Study on PTFE superhydrophobic coating modified by IC@dMSNs and its enhanced antibacterial effect.Journal of advanced research · 2025Article
- A Quasi-Experimental Study on the Preventive Effect of Risk-Stratified Nursing Interventions for PICC-Related Thrombosis in Cancer Patients.Risk management and healthcare policy · 2025Article
- Complications of tunneled central venous catheter placement: a narrative review of risks, prevention, and management strategies.Frontiers in radiology · 2025Review
- Phased therapeutic intervention improves long-term prognosis of new hemodialysis patients.Pakistan journal of medical sciences · 2024Article
- The Tunnelled Atrial Catheter: A Promising Solution for Vascular Capital Depletion in Dialysis despite Associated Thrombi.Case reports in nephrology · 2024Article
- Review
- Effectiveness of Antimicrobial Lock Therapy for the Treatment of Catheter-Related and Central-Line-Associated Bloodstream Infections in Children: A Single Center Retrospective Study.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Effect of Quorum Sensing Molecule Farnesol on Mixed Biofilms ofAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundA significant proportion of incident and prevalent hemodialysis patients have central venous catheters for vascular access. No consensus is available on the prevention of catheter dysfunction or catheter-related bloodstream infections in patients undergoing hemodialysis by means of catheter lock solutions.
methodWe reviewed the effects of single and combined anticoagulants with antibacterial catheter lock solutions or other antimicrobials for the prevention of thrombosis or infections in hemodialysis patients. Relative risks with 95% confidence intervals for trials of the same type of catheter locking solution were pooled. SOURCES OF INFORMATION: We included original research articles in English from PubMed, EMBASE, SpringerLink, Elsevier and Ovid using the search terms 'hemodialysis,' 'central venous catheter,' 'locking solution,' 'UFH,' 'low molecular weight heparin,' 'EDTA,' 'citrate,' 'rt-PA,' 'urokinase,' 'gentamicin,' 'vancomycin', 'taurolidine,' 'sodium bicarbonate,' 'hypertonic saline' and 'ethanol' and 'catheter'.
findingsLow-dose heparin lock solution (< 5000 U/ml) can efficiently achieve anticoagulation and will not increase the risk of bleeding. Low-concentration citrate (< 5%) combined with rt-PA can effectively prevent catheter infection and dysfunction. Catheter-related infections may be minimized by choosing the appropriate antibiotic and dose. LIMITATIONS: There is a lack of follow-up validation data for LMWH, EDTA, taurolidine, sodium bicarbonate, ethanol, and other lock solutions. IMPLICATIONS: Since catheterization is common in hemodialysis units, studies on long-term treatment and preventative strategies for catheter dysfunction and catheter-related infection are warranted.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.