ArticleTurkish journal of pharmaceutical sciences2022
Atazanavir-Loaded Crosslinked Gamma-Cyclodextrin Nanoparticles to Improve Solubility and Dissolution Characteristics.
Article in Turkish journal of pharmaceutical sciences, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
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4 citing papers in PubMed, 4 citations in OpenAlex.
- Development of Albumin Nanocarriers for Enhanced Curcumin Delivery and In Vitro Anticancer Activity in Colon Cancer Cells.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Drug-induced kidney stones: a real-world pharmacovigilance study using the FDA adverse event reporting system database.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Article
- Antiretroviral action of Rosemary oil-based atazanavir formulation and the role of self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system in the management of HIV-1 infection.Drug delivery and translational research · 2024Article
- An exploratory study evaluated the 30 most commonly reported medications in the United States food and drug administration's adverse event reporting system that are associated with the occurrence of kidney stones.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
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Abstract
Objectives: Atazanavir sulfate (AS), a Biosafety Cabinet (BCS) class II antiretroviral drug, shows dissolution rate-limited bioavailability, therefore, it is necessary to improve its solubility and oral bioavailability. The present investigation is intended to improve the aqueous solubility by developing AS-loaded nanoparticles (ASNPs). Additionally, the immediate release formulation of AS capsules has gastrointestinal side effects such as nausea and abdominal pain, cardiovascular side effect, Materials and Methods: ASNPs were prepared using gamma-cyclodextrin (γ-CD) and the crosslinker dimethyl carbonate were characterized by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) to check the crystal characteristics of AS upon entrapment in NPs. Entrapment efficiency (EE), particle size, morphology, solubility, and dissolution behavior were also determined. Results: EE%, particle size, and zeta potential varied from 14.38 ± 0.16 to 75.97 ± 0.28%, 65.4 ± 1.25 nm to 439.6 ± 2.21 nm, and 28.3 ± 0.1 mV to 41.0 ± 0.3 mV, respectively. XRD and DSC confirmed the transformation of the crystalline AS to amorphous in NPs. There was 11.717 folds rise in AS solubility in water from NPs. The formulation having AS: γ-CD, 1:1 at 10 mg/mL, depicted 88.55 ± 0.58, 91.23 ± 0.80, and 86.8 ± 0.65% drug release in water, acid buffer, and phosphate buffer, respectively, in 12 h. Conclusion: Solubility enhancement could be attributed to the decrease in crystallinity of atazanavir, when dispersed in NPs.
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