Trial reportThe Annals of pharmacotherapy2023
Impact of a Multicomponent Educational Intervention on Community Pharmacy-Based Naloxone Services Implementation: A Pragmatic Randomized Controlled Trial.
Trial report in The Annals of pharmacotherapy, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05093309 (Preventing Opioid Overdose Deaths by Empowering Pharmacists to Dispense Naloxone), which is not on this map. Cited by 9 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Preventing Opioid Overdose Deaths by Empowering Pharmacists to Dispense Naloxone
Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 13 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Opioid Safety Toolkit: An interactive prescription opioid safety toolkit to increase opioid safety literacy and behaviours among people prescribed opioids for pain-a randomised controlled trial.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2026Trial
- Knowledge and Beliefs Surrounding Nalmefene Among Alabama Pharmacists: A Cross-Sectional Survey Informed by the Theory of Planned Behavior.Pharmacy (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Naloxone training programs in corporately-owned versus independently-owned Alabama community pharmacies: A pilot cross-sectional survey.Drug and alcohol dependence reports · 2025Article
- Community pharmacy attitudes and behaviors following a buprenorphine best practices dissemination.The mental health clinician · 2025Article
- Factors influencing immunization record retrieval from immunization information systems among independent community pharmacies: A National Survey.Vaccine: X · 2025Article
- A cross-sectional survey exploring organizational readiness to implement community pharmacy-based opioid counseling and naloxone services in rural versus urban settings in Alabama.Exploratory research in clinical and social pharmacy · 2024Article
- Factors Associated with the Implementation of Pediatric Immunization Services: A Survey of Community Pharmacies.Vaccines · 2024Article
- Organizational Readiness to Implement Community Pharmacy-Based Opioid Counseling and Naloxone Services: A Scoping Review of Current Practice Models and Opportunities.Pharmacy (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Public Perceptions of Community Pharmacy-Based Naloxone Services: A National Cross-Sectional Survey.Pharmacy (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundDespite US naloxone access laws, community pharmacists lack training and confidence in providing naloxone.
objectiveTo assess the impact of the Empowering Community Pharmacists program on pharmacists' knowledge, perceived barriers, attitudes, confidence, and intentions regarding naloxone services implementation, as well as naloxone prescriptions dispensed.
methodsA 3-month pragmatic randomized controlled trial was conducted from December 2018 to March 2019. Alabama community pharmacists were recruited by mail, email, phone, and fax and randomized to intervention (monthly resources/reminders + educational webinar) or control (monthly reminders only). Outcome measures were assessed via online surveys at baseline (T1), immediately post-intervention (T2), and 3 months post-intervention (T3), including naloxone knowledge (%correct); perceived barriers, attitudes, confidence, and intention regarding naloxone services implementation (7-point Likert-type scale; 1 = strongly disagree, 7 = strongly agree); and number of naloxone prescriptions dispensed. Mean differences between control and intervention from T1 to T3 were assessed using 2-way mixed analysis of variance and adjusted analyses were conducted using generalized estimating equations with negative binomial distribution to assess associations between variables.
resultsOf 55 participants (n = 27 intervention, n = 28 control), most were female (80.3%), white (80.6%), in independently owned pharmacies (39.1%). Increases in mean [SD] confidence (5.52 [1.03]-6.16 [0.74], CONCLUSION AND RELEVANCE: The Empowering Community Pharmacists program improved community pharmacists' confidence and intention regarding naloxone services implementation. Other states can adapt program elements according to their laws. CLINICALTRIALS.GOV IDENTIFIER: NCT05093309.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.