ArticleFrontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology2022
Ultrasound combined with glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor-loaded microbubbles for the targeted treatment of drug addiction.
Article in Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 9 citations in OpenAlex.
- Potential protein blood-based biomarkers for cognitive dysfunction in Parkinson's disease: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2026Pooled it
- Brain Endothelial Cells in Blood-Brain Barrier Regulation and Neurological Therapy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Rational design of siRNA-based delivery systems for effective treatment of brain diseases.Pharmaceutical science advances · 2024Review
- Role of Glial Cells in Neuronal Function, Mood Disorders, and Drug Addiction.Brain sciences · 2024Review
- Current non-invasive strategies for brain drug delivery: overcoming blood-brain barrier transport.Molecular biology reports · 2023Article
- Neurotrophic Factors as Regenerative Therapy for Neurodegenerative Diseases: Current Status, Challenges and Future Perspectives.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Role of deep brain stimulation (DBS) in addiction disorders.Surgical neurology international · 2023Review
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Authors and funding
13 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Drug addiction is a serious problem globally, recently exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic. Glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) is considered a potentially effective strategy for the treatment of addiction. Previous animal experiments have proven that GDNF has a good therapeutic effect on drug addiction, but its clinical application is limited due to its poor blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability. Low-frequency focused ultrasound, combined with microbubbles, is a non-invasive and reversible technique for locally-targeted BBB opening. In the present study, magnetic resonance imaging-guided low-frequency focused ultrasound, combined with GDNF microbubbles, was used to target BBB opening in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) region. The effects of GDNF on morphine-induced conditioned place preference (CPP) and acute withdrawal symptoms in rats after a partially opened BBB were evaluated by behavioral observation. Western blot was used to detect changes in tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) expression levels in the VTA region after different treatments, and high performance liquid chromatography was used to detect the changes in monoamine neurotransmitter content. The results showed that ultrasound combined with GDNF microbubbles targeted and opened the BBB in the VTA region, and significantly increased GDNF content, destroyed morphine-induced CPP, and reduced the withdrawal symptoms of morphine addiction in rats. Furthermore, the up-regulation of TH expression and the increase of norepinephrine and dopamine content induced by morphine were significantly reversed, and the increase of 5-hydroxytryptamine content was partially reversed. Therefore, ultrasound combined with GDNF microbubbles to target and open the BBB can effectively increase the content of central GDNF, thus playing a therapeutic role in morphine addiction. Our study provides a new approach to locally open the BBB and target delivery of neurotrophic factors, such as GDNF, to treat brain diseases like addiction.
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