Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36043688›Full record

ArticleBJPsych open2021

Adolescent cannabis use, depression and anxiety disorders in the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1986.

Antti Mustonen, Emily Hielscher, Jouko Miettunen, Alexander Denissoff, Anni-Emilia Alakokkare, James G Scott, Solja Niemelä

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in BJPsych open, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
7citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

7 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Observational
  4. Article
  5. Review
  6. Review
  7. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Antti MustonenFaculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Finland; Center for Life Course Health Research, University of Oulu, Finland; and Department of Psychiatry, Seinäjoki Central Hospital, Finland.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3259-2122
Emily HielscherQIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Australia; School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Australia; and Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research, Australia.
Jouko MiettunenCenter for Life Course Health Research, University of Oulu, Finland; and Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Finland.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0575-2669
Alexander DenissoffDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Turku, Finland.
Anni-Emilia AlakokkareCenter for Life Course Health Research, University of Oulu, Finland; and Department of Psychiatry, University of Turku, Finland.
James G ScottQIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Australia; School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Australia; Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research, Australia; and Metro North Mental Health Service, Australia.
Solja NiemeläDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Turku, Finland; and Addiction Psychiatry Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Turku University Hospital, Finland.

Funding

Emil Aaltosen SäätiöJuho Vainion SäätiöNational Health and Medical Research CouncilPäivikki ja Sakari Sohlbergin Säätiö
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundCannabis use has been associated with increased risk of psychiatric disorders. However, associations between adolescent cannabis use, depression and anxiety disorders are inconsistently reported in longitudinal samples.

aimsTo study associations of adolescent cannabis use with depression and anxiety disorders.

methodWe used data from the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1986, linked to nationwide registers, to study the association between adolescent cannabis use and depression and anxiety disorders until 33 years of age (until 2018).

resultsWe included 6325 participants (48.8% male) in the analyses; 352 (5.6%) participants reported cannabis use until 15-16 years of age. By the end of the follow-up, 583 (9.2%) participants were diagnosed with unipolar depression and 688 (10.9%) were diagnosed with anxiety disorder. Cannabis use in adolescence was associated with an increased risk of depression and anxiety disorders in crude models. After adjusting for parental psychiatric disorder, baseline emotional and behavioural problems, demographic factors and other substance use, using cannabis five or more times was associated with increased risk of anxiety disorders (hazard ratio 2.01, 95% CI 1.15-3.82), and using cannabis once (hazard ratio 1.93, 95% CI 1.30-2.87) or two to four times (hazard ratio 2.02, 95% CI 1.24-3.31) was associated with increased risk of depression.

conclusionsCannabis use in adolescence was associated with an increased risk of future depression and anxiety disorders. Further research is needed to clarify if this is a causal association, which could then inform public health messages about the use of cannabis in adolescence.

Indexed as

anxiety disordersbirth cohortcannabisDepressive disordersepidemiology

Identifiers

PMID36043688
PMCPMC8329769

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.