Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36041870›Full record

ArticleNeurology2022

Risk Factors for Term-Born Periventricular White Matter Injury in Children With Cerebral Palsy: A Case-Control Study.

Amaar Marefi, Nafisa Husein, Mary Dunbar, Deborah Dewey, Nicole Letourneau, Maryam Oskoui, Adam Kirton, Michael I Shevell, Canadian Cerebral Palsy Registry (CCPR)

Open access · greenAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Neurology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
7citing papers in PubMed
4.2field-weighted citation impact, top 6% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

7 citing papers in PubMed, 12 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. Review
  7. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Amaar MarefiFrom the Department of Neurology & Neurosurgery (A.M., N.H., M.O., M.I.S.), McGill University; Department of Pediatrics (M.D.,), Alberta Children's Hospital, University of Calgary, Departments of Pediatrics and Clinical Neurosciences (M.D., A.K.), University of Calgary; Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute (N.L., A.K.), University of Calgary; Departments of Pediatrics and Community Health Sciences (N.L.), University of Calgary; Faculty of Nursing and Department of Psychiatry (N.L.), University of Calgary; and Centre for Outcomes Research and Evaluation (M.O.), Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center, Montréal, Quebec, Canada.
Nafisa HuseinFrom the Department of Neurology & Neurosurgery (A.M., N.H., M.O., M.I.S.), McGill University; Department of Pediatrics (M.D.,), Alberta Children's Hospital, University of Calgary, Departments of Pediatrics and Clinical Neurosciences (M.D., A.K.), University of Calgary; Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute (N.L., A.K.), University of Calgary; Departments of Pediatrics and Community Health Sciences (N.L.), University of Calgary; Faculty of Nursing and Department of Psychiatry (N.L.), University of Calgary; and Centre for Outcomes Research and Evaluation (M.O.), Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center, Montréal, Quebec, Canada.
Mary DunbarFrom the Department of Neurology & Neurosurgery (A.M., N.H., M.O., M.I.S.), McGill University; Department of Pediatrics (M.D.,), Alberta Children's Hospital, University of Calgary, Departments of Pediatrics and Clinical Neurosciences (M.D., A.K.), University of Calgary; Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute (N.L., A.K.), University of Calgary; Departments of Pediatrics and Community Health Sciences (N.L.), University of Calgary; Faculty of Nursing and Department of Psychiatry (N.L.), University of Calgary; and Centre for Outcomes Research and Evaluation (M.O.), Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center, Montréal, Quebec, Canada.
Deborah DeweyFrom the Department of Neurology & Neurosurgery (A.M., N.H., M.O., M.I.S.), McGill University; Department of Pediatrics (M.D.,), Alberta Children's Hospital, University of Calgary, Departments of Pediatrics and Clinical Neurosciences (M.D., A.K.), University of Calgary; Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute (N.L., A.K.), University of Calgary; Departments of Pediatrics and Community Health Sciences (N.L.), University of Calgary; Faculty of Nursing and Department of Psychiatry (N.L.), University of Calgary; and Centre for Outcomes Research and Evaluation (M.O.), Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center, Montréal, Quebec, Canada.
Nicole LetourneauFrom the Department of Neurology & Neurosurgery (A.M., N.H., M.O., M.I.S.), McGill University; Department of Pediatrics (M.D.,), Alberta Children's Hospital, University of Calgary, Departments of Pediatrics and Clinical Neurosciences (M.D., A.K.), University of Calgary; Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute (N.L., A.K.), University of Calgary; Departments of Pediatrics and Community Health Sciences (N.L.), University of Calgary; Faculty of Nursing and Department of Psychiatry (N.L.), University of Calgary; and Centre for Outcomes Research and Evaluation (M.O.), Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center, Montréal, Quebec, Canada.
Maryam OskouiFrom the Department of Neurology & Neurosurgery (A.M., N.H., M.O., M.I.S.), McGill University; Department of Pediatrics (M.D.,), Alberta Children's Hospital, University of Calgary, Departments of Pediatrics and Clinical Neurosciences (M.D., A.K.), University of Calgary; Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute (N.L., A.K.), University of Calgary; Departments of Pediatrics and Community Health Sciences (N.L.), University of Calgary; Faculty of Nursing and Department of Psychiatry (N.L.), University of Calgary; and Centre for Outcomes Research and Evaluation (M.O.), Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center, Montréal, Quebec, Canada.
Adam KirtonFrom the Department of Neurology & Neurosurgery (A.M., N.H., M.O., M.I.S.), McGill University; Department of Pediatrics (M.D.,), Alberta Children's Hospital, University of Calgary, Departments of Pediatrics and Clinical Neurosciences (M.D., A.K.), University of Calgary; Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute (N.L., A.K.), University of Calgary; Departments of Pediatrics and Community Health Sciences (N.L.), University of Calgary; Faculty of Nursing and Department of Psychiatry (N.L.), University of Calgary; and Centre for Outcomes Research and Evaluation (M.O.), Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center, Montréal, Quebec, Canada.ORCID 0000-0001-5209-3374
Michael I ShevellFrom the Department of Neurology & Neurosurgery (A.M., N.H., M.O., M.I.S.), McGill University; Department of Pediatrics (M.D.,), Alberta Children's Hospital, University of Calgary, Departments of Pediatrics and Clinical Neurosciences (M.D., A.K.), University of Calgary; Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute (N.L., A.K.), University of Calgary; Departments of Pediatrics and Community Health Sciences (N.L.), University of Calgary; Faculty of Nursing and Department of Psychiatry (N.L.), University of Calgary; and Centre for Outcomes Research and Evaluation (M.O.), Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center, Montréal, Quebec, Canada. michael.shevell@muhc.mcgill.ca.
Canadian Cerebral Palsy Registry (CCPR)
University of Calgary · CA

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveThe aim of this study was to identify possible risk factors associated with term-born children with cerebral palsy (CP) and periventricular white matter injury (PVWMI) on imaging.

methodsThis is a case-controlled study restricted to term-born children with CP with the cases extracted from the Canadian Cerebral Palsy Registry and controls from Alberta Pregnancy Outcomes and Nutrition (APrON) study. A diagnosis of PVWMI was performed based on expert categorization of MRI reports. Risk factor variables were selected a priori; these included pregnancy complications, antenatal toxin exposure, perinatal infection, sex, small for gestational age, and perinatal adversity (i.e., neonatal encephalopathy presumably on the basis of intrapartum hypoxia-ischemia). We used multivariable analyses to calculate odds ratios (ORs) and their 95% CIs.

resultsA total of 160 cases (7.06% of the registry sample) were compared with 1,950 controls. Of the term-born PVWMI participants, 59.4% were male and 13.5% were born to mothers of extreme maternal age. Multivariable analysis of each risk factor controlled for weight showed PVWMI is associated with pregnancy complications (OR = 3.35; 95% CI = 2.23-4.94), antenatal toxin exposure (OR = 2.45; 95% CI = 1.67-3.55), perinatal infection (OR = 3.61; 95% CI = 1.96-6.29), and perinatal adversity (OR = 2.03; 95% CI = 1.42-2.94). Term-born male participants were not more likely to experience PVWMI compared with female participants (OR = 1.37; 95% CI = 0.98-1.93). Multiple regression analyses suggested independent associations between PVWMI and pregnancy complications (OR = 3.75; 95% CI 2.46-5.62), antenatal toxin exposure (OR = 2.80; 95% CI 1.88-4.12), perinatal infection (OR = 4.62; 95% CI 2.46-8.42), and perinatal adversity (OR = 2.49; 95% CI = 1.71-3.69). DISCUSSION: Risk factors such as pregnancy complications, antenatal toxin exposure, perinatal infection, and perinatal adversity are associated with PVWMI in term-born children, suggesting perhaps variable interactions between antenatal and perinatal factors to yield this under-recognized CP phenotype.

Indexed as

Cerebral PalsyPregnancy ComplicationsWhite MatterAlbertaCase-Control StudiesFemaleHumansMalePregnancyRisk Factors

Identifiers

PMID36041870
PMCPMC9728037
OpenAlexW4293704650

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.