ArticleNeurology2022
Racial Disparities in Stroke Recurrence: A Population-Based Study.
Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph
Article in Neurology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
13citing papers in PubMed
3.7field-weighted citation impact, top 6% of its field
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 27 citations in OpenAlex.
- Using radiological brain health to predict recurrence after ischemic stroke and transient ischemic attack: A population-based study.Neurology open access · 2026Article
- Ethnic disparities in the longer-term clinical care and outcomes of stroke patients in England.PloS one · 2026Observational
- Review
- Stroke Discharge Care Navigation: A Compass in Need of a Captain.Stroke (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2025Article
- Recurrent stroke admissions withWorld journal of virology · 2024Article
- Article
- White matter hyperintensities and the surrounding normal appearing white matter are associated with water channel disruption in the oldest old.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2024Article
- Endovascular Thrombectomy in Patients With Preexisting Disability: A Review.Stroke (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2024Review
- Disparities in Race and Ethnicity Reporting and Representation for Clinical Trials in Stroke: 2010 to 2020.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2024Article
- Editorial: Diversity in stroke omic(s) and epidemiology research: opportunities and challenges.Frontiers in stroke · 2024Article
- Black Americans have worse stroke outcome compared with non-Hispanic whites.Journal of the National Medical Association · 2023Article
- Racial and Ethnic Differences in the Risk of Ischemic Stroke After Nontraumatic Intracerebral Hemorrhage.Stroke · 2023Article
- Racial and Ethnical Discrepancies and Similarities in the Epidemiology, Survival, and Neurological Outcomes After Acute Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury: A Retrospective Cohort Study Using Data from the NASCIS-1 Trial.Topics in spinal cord injury rehabilitation · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
Authors and funding
18 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
David Joseph RobinsonDepartment of Neurology and Rehabilitation Medicine (D.J.R., R.S.K.A., M.H., S.F., E.A.M., S.D., D.W., B.K.), University of Cincinnati; Department of Biostatistics (H.S.), Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH; Miami Neuroscience Institute (F.d.l.R.l.R.), Baptist Health South Florida; Department of Neurology (E.C.), University of Chicago, IL; Department of Neurology (A.J.), Yale University, New Haven, CT; Department of Neurology (J.M.), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis; Department of Neurology (M.S.), Soroka Medical Center, Beersheva, Israel; Department of Neurology (S.S.), University of Kansas Medical Center Kansas City; Department of Emergency Medicine (K.W.), University of Cincinnati, OH; and Department of Neurology (D.O.K.), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor. drobinism@gmail.com.ORCID 0000-0003-3221-3599
Robert StantonDepartment of Neurology and Rehabilitation Medicine (D.J.R., R.S.K.A., M.H., S.F., E.A.M., S.D., D.W., B.K.), University of Cincinnati; Department of Biostatistics (H.S.), Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH; Miami Neuroscience Institute (F.d.l.R.l.R.), Baptist Health South Florida; Department of Neurology (E.C.), University of Chicago, IL; Department of Neurology (A.J.), Yale University, New Haven, CT; Department of Neurology (J.M.), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis; Department of Neurology (M.S.), Soroka Medical Center, Beersheva, Israel; Department of Neurology (S.S.), University of Kansas Medical Center Kansas City; Department of Emergency Medicine (K.W.), University of Cincinnati, OH; and Department of Neurology (D.O.K.), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor.ORCID 0000-0003-3804-5063
Heidi SucharewDepartment of Neurology and Rehabilitation Medicine (D.J.R., R.S.K.A., M.H., S.F., E.A.M., S.D., D.W., B.K.), University of Cincinnati; Department of Biostatistics (H.S.), Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH; Miami Neuroscience Institute (F.d.l.R.l.R.), Baptist Health South Florida; Department of Neurology (E.C.), University of Chicago, IL; Department of Neurology (A.J.), Yale University, New Haven, CT; Department of Neurology (J.M.), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis; Department of Neurology (M.S.), Soroka Medical Center, Beersheva, Israel; Department of Neurology (S.S.), University of Kansas Medical Center Kansas City; Department of Emergency Medicine (K.W.), University of Cincinnati, OH; and Department of Neurology (D.O.K.), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor.
Kathleen AlwellDepartment of Neurology and Rehabilitation Medicine (D.J.R., R.S.K.A., M.H., S.F., E.A.M., S.D., D.W., B.K.), University of Cincinnati; Department of Biostatistics (H.S.), Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH; Miami Neuroscience Institute (F.d.l.R.l.R.), Baptist Health South Florida; Department of Neurology (E.C.), University of Chicago, IL; Department of Neurology (A.J.), Yale University, New Haven, CT; Department of Neurology (J.M.), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis; Department of Neurology (M.S.), Soroka Medical Center, Beersheva, Israel; Department of Neurology (S.S.), University of Kansas Medical Center Kansas City; Department of Emergency Medicine (K.W.), University of Cincinnati, OH; and Department of Neurology (D.O.K.), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor.
Mary HaverbuschDepartment of Neurology and Rehabilitation Medicine (D.J.R., R.S.K.A., M.H., S.F., E.A.M., S.D., D.W., B.K.), University of Cincinnati; Department of Biostatistics (H.S.), Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH; Miami Neuroscience Institute (F.d.l.R.l.R.), Baptist Health South Florida; Department of Neurology (E.C.), University of Chicago, IL; Department of Neurology (A.J.), Yale University, New Haven, CT; Department of Neurology (J.M.), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis; Department of Neurology (M.S.), Soroka Medical Center, Beersheva, Israel; Department of Neurology (S.S.), University of Kansas Medical Center Kansas City; Department of Emergency Medicine (K.W.), University of Cincinnati, OH; and Department of Neurology (D.O.K.), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor.
Felipe De Los Rios La RosaDepartment of Neurology and Rehabilitation Medicine (D.J.R., R.S.K.A., M.H., S.F., E.A.M., S.D., D.W., B.K.), University of Cincinnati; Department of Biostatistics (H.S.), Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH; Miami Neuroscience Institute (F.d.l.R.l.R.), Baptist Health South Florida; Department of Neurology (E.C.), University of Chicago, IL; Department of Neurology (A.J.), Yale University, New Haven, CT; Department of Neurology (J.M.), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis; Department of Neurology (M.S.), Soroka Medical Center, Beersheva, Israel; Department of Neurology (S.S.), University of Kansas Medical Center Kansas City; Department of Emergency Medicine (K.W.), University of Cincinnati, OH; and Department of Neurology (D.O.K.), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor.ORCID 0000-0003-4465-9280
Simona FerioliDepartment of Neurology and Rehabilitation Medicine (D.J.R., R.S.K.A., M.H., S.F., E.A.M., S.D., D.W., B.K.), University of Cincinnati; Department of Biostatistics (H.S.), Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH; Miami Neuroscience Institute (F.d.l.R.l.R.), Baptist Health South Florida; Department of Neurology (E.C.), University of Chicago, IL; Department of Neurology (A.J.), Yale University, New Haven, CT; Department of Neurology (J.M.), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis; Department of Neurology (M.S.), Soroka Medical Center, Beersheva, Israel; Department of Neurology (S.S.), University of Kansas Medical Center Kansas City; Department of Emergency Medicine (K.W.), University of Cincinnati, OH; and Department of Neurology (D.O.K.), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor.
Elisheva ColemanDepartment of Neurology and Rehabilitation Medicine (D.J.R., R.S.K.A., M.H., S.F., E.A.M., S.D., D.W., B.K.), University of Cincinnati; Department of Biostatistics (H.S.), Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH; Miami Neuroscience Institute (F.d.l.R.l.R.), Baptist Health South Florida; Department of Neurology (E.C.), University of Chicago, IL; Department of Neurology (A.J.), Yale University, New Haven, CT; Department of Neurology (J.M.), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis; Department of Neurology (M.S.), Soroka Medical Center, Beersheva, Israel; Department of Neurology (S.S.), University of Kansas Medical Center Kansas City; Department of Emergency Medicine (K.W.), University of Cincinnati, OH; and Department of Neurology (D.O.K.), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor.
Adam JasneDepartment of Neurology and Rehabilitation Medicine (D.J.R., R.S.K.A., M.H., S.F., E.A.M., S.D., D.W., B.K.), University of Cincinnati; Department of Biostatistics (H.S.), Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH; Miami Neuroscience Institute (F.d.l.R.l.R.), Baptist Health South Florida; Department of Neurology (E.C.), University of Chicago, IL; Department of Neurology (A.J.), Yale University, New Haven, CT; Department of Neurology (J.M.), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis; Department of Neurology (M.S.), Soroka Medical Center, Beersheva, Israel; Department of Neurology (S.S.), University of Kansas Medical Center Kansas City; Department of Emergency Medicine (K.W.), University of Cincinnati, OH; and Department of Neurology (D.O.K.), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor.ORCID 0000-0001-9092-3607
Jason MackeyDepartment of Neurology and Rehabilitation Medicine (D.J.R., R.S.K.A., M.H., S.F., E.A.M., S.D., D.W., B.K.), University of Cincinnati; Department of Biostatistics (H.S.), Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH; Miami Neuroscience Institute (F.d.l.R.l.R.), Baptist Health South Florida; Department of Neurology (E.C.), University of Chicago, IL; Department of Neurology (A.J.), Yale University, New Haven, CT; Department of Neurology (J.M.), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis; Department of Neurology (M.S.), Soroka Medical Center, Beersheva, Israel; Department of Neurology (S.S.), University of Kansas Medical Center Kansas City; Department of Emergency Medicine (K.W.), University of Cincinnati, OH; and Department of Neurology (D.O.K.), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor.ORCID 0000-0002-6867-8630
Michael StarDepartment of Neurology and Rehabilitation Medicine (D.J.R., R.S.K.A., M.H., S.F., E.A.M., S.D., D.W., B.K.), University of Cincinnati; Department of Biostatistics (H.S.), Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH; Miami Neuroscience Institute (F.d.l.R.l.R.), Baptist Health South Florida; Department of Neurology (E.C.), University of Chicago, IL; Department of Neurology (A.J.), Yale University, New Haven, CT; Department of Neurology (J.M.), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis; Department of Neurology (M.S.), Soroka Medical Center, Beersheva, Israel; Department of Neurology (S.S.), University of Kansas Medical Center Kansas City; Department of Emergency Medicine (K.W.), University of Cincinnati, OH; and Department of Neurology (D.O.K.), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor.
Eva A MistryDepartment of Neurology and Rehabilitation Medicine (D.J.R., R.S.K.A., M.H., S.F., E.A.M., S.D., D.W., B.K.), University of Cincinnati; Department of Biostatistics (H.S.), Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH; Miami Neuroscience Institute (F.d.l.R.l.R.), Baptist Health South Florida; Department of Neurology (E.C.), University of Chicago, IL; Department of Neurology (A.J.), Yale University, New Haven, CT; Department of Neurology (J.M.), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis; Department of Neurology (M.S.), Soroka Medical Center, Beersheva, Israel; Department of Neurology (S.S.), University of Kansas Medical Center Kansas City; Department of Emergency Medicine (K.W.), University of Cincinnati, OH; and Department of Neurology (D.O.K.), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor.
Stacie DemelDepartment of Neurology and Rehabilitation Medicine (D.J.R., R.S.K.A., M.H., S.F., E.A.M., S.D., D.W., B.K.), University of Cincinnati; Department of Biostatistics (H.S.), Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH; Miami Neuroscience Institute (F.d.l.R.l.R.), Baptist Health South Florida; Department of Neurology (E.C.), University of Chicago, IL; Department of Neurology (A.J.), Yale University, New Haven, CT; Department of Neurology (J.M.), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis; Department of Neurology (M.S.), Soroka Medical Center, Beersheva, Israel; Department of Neurology (S.S.), University of Kansas Medical Center Kansas City; Department of Emergency Medicine (K.W.), University of Cincinnati, OH; and Department of Neurology (D.O.K.), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor.
Sabreena SlavinDepartment of Neurology and Rehabilitation Medicine (D.J.R., R.S.K.A., M.H., S.F., E.A.M., S.D., D.W., B.K.), University of Cincinnati; Department of Biostatistics (H.S.), Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH; Miami Neuroscience Institute (F.d.l.R.l.R.), Baptist Health South Florida; Department of Neurology (E.C.), University of Chicago, IL; Department of Neurology (A.J.), Yale University, New Haven, CT; Department of Neurology (J.M.), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis; Department of Neurology (M.S.), Soroka Medical Center, Beersheva, Israel; Department of Neurology (S.S.), University of Kansas Medical Center Kansas City; Department of Emergency Medicine (K.W.), University of Cincinnati, OH; and Department of Neurology (D.O.K.), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor.
Kyle WalshDepartment of Neurology and Rehabilitation Medicine (D.J.R., R.S.K.A., M.H., S.F., E.A.M., S.D., D.W., B.K.), University of Cincinnati; Department of Biostatistics (H.S.), Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH; Miami Neuroscience Institute (F.d.l.R.l.R.), Baptist Health South Florida; Department of Neurology (E.C.), University of Chicago, IL; Department of Neurology (A.J.), Yale University, New Haven, CT; Department of Neurology (J.M.), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis; Department of Neurology (M.S.), Soroka Medical Center, Beersheva, Israel; Department of Neurology (S.S.), University of Kansas Medical Center Kansas City; Department of Emergency Medicine (K.W.), University of Cincinnati, OH; and Department of Neurology (D.O.K.), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor.
Daniel WooDepartment of Neurology and Rehabilitation Medicine (D.J.R., R.S.K.A., M.H., S.F., E.A.M., S.D., D.W., B.K.), University of Cincinnati; Department of Biostatistics (H.S.), Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH; Miami Neuroscience Institute (F.d.l.R.l.R.), Baptist Health South Florida; Department of Neurology (E.C.), University of Chicago, IL; Department of Neurology (A.J.), Yale University, New Haven, CT; Department of Neurology (J.M.), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis; Department of Neurology (M.S.), Soroka Medical Center, Beersheva, Israel; Department of Neurology (S.S.), University of Kansas Medical Center Kansas City; Department of Emergency Medicine (K.W.), University of Cincinnati, OH; and Department of Neurology (D.O.K.), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor.
Brett KisselaDepartment of Neurology and Rehabilitation Medicine (D.J.R., R.S.K.A., M.H., S.F., E.A.M., S.D., D.W., B.K.), University of Cincinnati; Department of Biostatistics (H.S.), Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH; Miami Neuroscience Institute (F.d.l.R.l.R.), Baptist Health South Florida; Department of Neurology (E.C.), University of Chicago, IL; Department of Neurology (A.J.), Yale University, New Haven, CT; Department of Neurology (J.M.), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis; Department of Neurology (M.S.), Soroka Medical Center, Beersheva, Israel; Department of Neurology (S.S.), University of Kansas Medical Center Kansas City; Department of Emergency Medicine (K.W.), University of Cincinnati, OH; and Department of Neurology (D.O.K.), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor.ORCID 0000-0002-9773-4013
Dawn O KleindorferDepartment of Neurology and Rehabilitation Medicine (D.J.R., R.S.K.A., M.H., S.F., E.A.M., S.D., D.W., B.K.), University of Cincinnati; Department of Biostatistics (H.S.), Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH; Miami Neuroscience Institute (F.d.l.R.l.R.), Baptist Health South Florida; Department of Neurology (E.C.), University of Chicago, IL; Department of Neurology (A.J.), Yale University, New Haven, CT; Department of Neurology (J.M.), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis; Department of Neurology (M.S.), Soroka Medical Center, Beersheva, Israel; Department of Neurology (S.S.), University of Kansas Medical Center Kansas City; Department of Emergency Medicine (K.W.), University of Cincinnati, OH; and Department of Neurology (D.O.K.), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor.
Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center · USUniversity of Michigan · US
Funding
NSTN National Clinical Coordinating CenterU01NS086872 · NINDS · UNIVERSITY OF CINCINNATI · PI Joseph Paul Broderick, Pooja Khatri · 2013 to 2026
$32.3MSTROKE INCIDENCE AND OUTCOME AMONG BLACKS AND WHITESR01NS030678 · NINDS · UNIVERSITY OF CINCINNATI · PI KISSELA, BRETT M, KLEINDORFER, DAWN O · 1993 to 2024
$26.7MNINDS NIH HHS R01 NS030678NINDS NIH HHS U01 NS086872
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND
objectiveThere are significant racial disparities in stroke in the United States, with Black individuals having a higher risk of incident stroke even when adjusted for traditional stroke risk factors. It is unknown whether Black individuals are also at a higher risk of recurrent stroke.
methodsOver an 18-month period spanning 2014-2015, we ascertained index stroke cases within the Greater Cincinnati/Northern Kentucky population of 1.3 million. We then followed up all patients for 3 years and determined the risk of recurrence. Multivariable survival analysis was performed to determine the effect of Black race on recurrence.
resultsThere were 3,816 patients with index stroke/TIA events in our study period, and 476 patients had a recurrent event within 3 years. The Kaplan-Meier estimate of 3-year recurrence rate was 15.4%. Age-adjusted and sex-adjusted stroke recurrence rate was higher in Black individuals (HR 1.34, 95% CI 1.1-1.6; DISCUSSION: Recurrent stroke was more common among Black individuals, but the magnitude of the racial difference was substantially attenuated and became nonsignificant when adjusted for traditional stroke risk factors. Interventions targeting these risk factors could reduce disparities in stroke recurrence.
Indexed as
StrokeWhite PeopleBlack or African AmericanBlack PeopleHumansRisk FactorsUnited States
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390
Registered trials
None linked
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.