ArticleArchives of toxicology2022
Sex-related differences in safety profiles, pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution of sinomenine hydrochloride in rats.
Article in Archives of toxicology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 12 citations in OpenAlex.
- Neuroprotective effects and mechanistic insights of sinomenine in ischemic stroke: a systematic review and meta-analysis of preclinical animal studies.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Pooled it
- Metabolomic Insights into Sexual Multi-Morphism of Sinomenine Accumulation inPlants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Safety Profile, Toxicokinetic, and Intestinal Absorption Differences of a Naturally-Derived Anti-Rheumatic Drug, Sinomenine Hydrochloride, in Normal and Arthritic Rats.Pharmaceutics · 2025Article
- Sinomenine in cerebral ischemia: mechanisms, delivery strategies, and the emerging multifunctional biomaterials of the bone-brain axis.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Review
- Research, Development and Pharmacological Activity of Sinomenine and Its Derivatives.Current medicinal chemistry · 2025Review
- Development of Sinomenine Hydrochloride Sustained-release Pellet With Multiple Release Characteristics.AAPS PharmSciTech · 2024Article
- A systematic review: Sinomenine.Heliyon · 2024Review
- Bayesian modelling of time series data (BayModTS)-a FAIR workflow to process sparse and highly variable data.Bioinformatics (Oxford, England) · 2024Article
- Molecular Mechanistic Pathways Targeted by Natural Compounds in the Prevention and Treatment of Diabetic Kidney Disease.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Sinomenine is a bioactive alkaloid isolated from the Chinese medicinal plant Sinomenium acutum (Thunb.) Rehd. et Wils which exhibits significant analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and immunosuppressive effects. Sinomenine hydrochloride (SH) preparations, classified as natural disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs, are currently available for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and other rheumatic diseases. Our toxicity evaluation demonstrated that the median lethal dose of SH in female Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats was over 11 times greater than that in male SD rats, revealing striking sex-linked differences in the safety profile of SH. The present study was designed to investigate differences in the pharmacokinetics (PKs) and tissue distribution of SH between male and female SD rats after a single oral dose of 25 mg/kg. PK and tissue distribution studies were performed using a validated UPLC-MS/MS method. The results showed that SH-treated SD female rats displayed markedly greater drug exposure, and SH exhibited a longer half-life and slower clearance rate than comparable studies in male rats. Moreover, the tissue distribution study confirmed that the sinomenine concentration in female rats was considerably greater in the internal organs than in male rats. Our study demonstrates, for the first time, significant sex-related differences in the safety profile and PKs of SH, which may be associated with a distinct sex-dependent metabolic mechanism of sinomenine.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.