ArticleImmunity, inflammation and disease2022
Anxiety and depression prevalence and their risk factors in lupus nephritis patients: A case-control study.
Article in Immunity, inflammation and disease, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 9 citations in OpenAlex.
- Risk factors for depression in systemic lupus erythematosus: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Pooled it
- Depressive Disorder and Dermatological Autoimmune Diseases.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Review
- Factors influencing self-management behaviors in persons with lupus nephritis: A cross-sectional study.Belitung nursing journal · 2024Article
- Anxiety and depression in primary knee osteoarthritis patients: are they related to clinical features and radiographic changes?Reumatologia · 2024Article
- Anxiety and depression prevalence and their risk factors in lupus nephritis patients: A case-control study.Immunity, inflammation and disease · 2022Article
- Epidemiological profile and renal outcomes in a 25-year Brazilian cohort of glomerular diseases.Jornal brasileiro de nefrologiaArticle
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Abstract
introductionAnxiety and depression exhibit a high prevalence in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients, while this issue is seldom explored in lupus nephritis (LN). Hence, the current study aimed to investigate the prevalence of anxiety and depression, and the risk factors for these mental disorders in LN patients.
methodsFifty LN patients, 50 non-LN SLE patients, and 50 health control (HCs) were enrolled. The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) for anxiety (HADS-A) score and HADS for depression (HADS-D) score were evaluated.
resultsHADS-A score was highest in LN patients (median 7.0, interquartile range [IQR]: 6.0-10.0), followed by non-LN SLE patients (median 6.0, IQR: 5.0-8.0), and lowest in HCs (median 5.0, IQR: 3.0-7.0) (p < .001). Besides, the anxiety rate was most frequent in LN patients (38.0%), followed by non-LN SLE patients (28.0%), least common in HCs (12.0%) (p = .011). HADS-D score was highest in LN patients (median 7.5, IQR: 6.0-11.0), followed by non-LN SLE patients (median 6.0, IQR: 5.0-8.3), and lowest in HCs (median 4.0, IQR: 2.0-6.3) (p < .001). Similarly, the depression rate was most prevalent in LN patients (50.0%), subsequently the non-LN SLE patients (30.0%), and rarest in HCs (10.0%) (p < .001). Furthermore, in LN patients, age (p = .009), LN activity index (p = .020), alopecia (p = .023), 24 h proteinuria (p = .044), and C-reactive protein (p = .049) were independently correlated with higher anxiety risk; meanwhile, age (p = .001) and LN activity index (p = .009) were independently correlated with higher depression risk.
conclusionAnxiety and depression are highly prevalent, which link to aging, alopecia, inflammation, and severe renal involvement in LN patients.
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